Cell biology - theme 4

Question 1

genomics

Answer 1

genes/ DNA

Question 2

transcriptomics

Answer 2

RNA

Question 3

proteomics

Answer 3

proteins

Question 4

lipidomics

Answer 4

lipids

Question 5

glycomics

Answer 5

carbohydrates

Question 6

metabolomics

Answer 6

metabolites

Question 7

bioinformatics

Answer 7

extracting useful information from genome sequences

Question 8

genome-wide association studies (GWAS)

Answer 8

identify common genetic variants associated with a disease

Question 9

role of biomarkers (4)

Answer 9

diagnostic biomarkers
susceptibility/ risk biomarker
prognostic biomarker (evolution of disease)
predictive biomarker (response and toxicity to a given treatment)

Question 10

somatic gene therapy

Answer 10

affect only some cells and not transmitted to offspring

e.g. gene expression inhibition - insert silencing RNA to silence genes

Question 11

germline gene therapy

Answer 11

alters all cells and can be transmitted to offspring

e. g. delivery of genes by vectors
e. g. delivery by in vivo (inject) or ex vivo (take cells, alter in lab, replace)

Question 12

gene therapy

Answer 12

direct gene modification of a patients cells to achieve a therapeutic goal