Urticaria

Question 1

urticaria is also known as

Answer 1

• hives

Question 2

urticaria is a _____ reaction of the skin

Answer 2

• vascular

Question 3

______ is characterized by wheals surrounded by a blanchable red halo or flare

Answer 3

• urticaria

Question 4

cardinal symptom of urticaria

Answer 4

• pruritis

Question 5

urticaria is caused by swelling of the ________

Answer 5

• upper dermis

Question 6

how long do individual papules/plaques last in urticaria

Answer 6

< 12 hours

Question 7

what type of hypersensitivity reaction is urticaria

Answer 7

• type 1 hypersensitivity (immediate type - IgE)

Question 8

most cases of urticaria are acute or chronic

how long is that

Answer 8

• acute <6 weeks

Question 9

common causes of acute urticaria

Answer 9

• idiopathic - post-infection - food reactions - drug reactions

Question 10

are detergents and common contact allergens triggers of urticaria

what type of hypersensitivity reaction are these

Answer 10

• no - type 4

Question 11

is latex a trigger of urticaria

Answer 11

• yes

Question 12

etiology of most urticaria

Answer 12

• idiopathic

Question 13

which urticarias are triggered by a physical cause

Answer 13

• physical urticarias

Question 14

which urticarias are triggered by heat or emotion

Answer 14

• cholinergic urticaria

Question 15

what is the most common form of physical urticaria

Answer 15

• dermatographism

Question 16

what condition is a sharply localized edema or wheal within seconds to minutes after the skin has been rubbed

Answer 16

• dermatographism

Question 17

what is the major effector cell in urticaria

Answer 17

• mast cell

Question 18

what happens in immunologic urticaria

Answer 18

• antigen binds IgE on mast cell - degranulation with histamine release - histamine binds H1 and H2 receptors to dilate arterioles, constrict veins, and increase capillary permeability

Question 19

what happens in non-immunologic urticaria cause

Answer 19

• direct mast cells degranulation - pharmacologic or physical mechanism

Question 20

first line treatment for acute and chronic urticaria

Answer 20

• oral H1 antihistamines

Question 21

the presence of _________ should signal the possibility that an urticarial rash is not ordinary urticaria but rather a systemic syndrome with urticaria like skin lesions

Answer 21

• systemic symptoms

Question 22

the pathology of angioedema is located in the _______ with _________

Answer 22

• deep dermis - subcutaneous swelling

Question 23

angioedema commonly affects what parts of the body

Answer 23

• face - extremity

Question 24

can angioedema be painful?

Answer 24

• yes

Question 25

can angioedema burn?

Answer 25

• yes

Question 26

can angioedema be pruritic?

Answer 26

• no

Question 27

________ is a serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death

Answer 27

• anaphylaxis

Question 28

are patients with angioedema more likely to have anaphylaxis compared to patients with urticaria?

Answer 28

• no

Question 29

first line therapy for anaphylaxis

Answer 29

• epi - IV fluids - oxygen