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Derm Exam 1 > Skin Diseases For Specialists > Flashcards

Skin Diseases For Specialists Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

what condition is characterized by brown spots and firm nodules growing on the body with spots present in the eye

A
  • type I neurofibromatosis
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2
Q

genetics of type I neurofibromatosis

A
  • autosomal dominant
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3
Q

cause of type I neurofibromatosis

A
  • mutations in neurofibromin 1
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4
Q

what condition is associated with neurofibromas, cafe-au-lait macules, axillary and/or inguinal freckling, and plexiform neurofibromas

A
  • type I neurofibromatosis
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5
Q

what are oval-shaped, tan to brown patches with regular borders and uniform pigmentation that become more noticeable throughout the first decade

A
  • cafe-au-lait macules
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6
Q

what are brown spots in the eye called condition it is associated with

A
  • lisch nodules - type I neurofibromatosis
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7
Q

management of type I neurofibromatosis

A
  • excision of changing or symptomatic neurofibromas - screen for optic gliomas
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8
Q

what condition presents with bilateral asymptomatic papules on the face and hypo-pigmented patches on the back and arms. may also present with nodules on the gums

A
  • tuberous sclerosis
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9
Q

tuberous sclerosis mutations

A
  • TSC1 (hamartin gene) - TSC2 (tuberin gene)
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10
Q

what condition presents with facial angiofibromas that are usually symmetric and bilateral, hypomelanotic macule, shagreen patches, and periungual fibromas

A
  • tuberous sclerosis
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11
Q

what is the name of a connective tissue nevi whose surface is typically describes as leather-like or pigskin

A
  • shagreen patch
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12
Q

management of tuberous sclerosis

A
  • neurodevelopmental eval - eye exam - cranial CT - EEG/ECG - renal ultrasound
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13
Q

what condition related to inflammatory bowel disease starts out as papulopustules that give way to ulceration

A
  • pyoderma gangrenosum
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14
Q

pyoderma gangrenosum is related to what underlying systemic disease

A
  • IBD - hematologic malignancy
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15
Q

pyoderma gangrenosum most common where on the body

A
  • lower extremities
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16
Q

what condition do you think of when wounds break down 2-3 days after surgery

A
  • pyoderma gangrenosum
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17
Q

treatment of pyoderma gangrenosum

A
  • local and systemic corticosteroids
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18
Q

what condition is an inflammatory disease that leads to ivory-white scar-like atrophy on and off the genitals

A
  • lichen sclerosus
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19
Q

treatment of lichen sclerosus

A
  • clobetasol ointment for 12-24 weeks
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20
Q

what condition is an isolated, fixed false belief of infestation with parasites

A
  • Delusions of Parasitosis (Morgellon’s Disease)
21
Q

Delusions of Parasitosis (Morgellon’s Disease) presents around what age

A
  • 50s-60s
22
Q

what condition would you think about with a patient history of using pesticides on their skin, hiring exterminators, or even changing residence in an attempt to eradicate parasites?

A
  • Delusions of Parasitosis (Morgellon’s Disease)
23
Q

Morgellon’s disease classically has _____ extruding from the skin Delusions of Parasitosis has _____ extruding from the skin

A
  • fibers - parasites
24
Q

treatment of Delusions of Parasitosis (Morgellon’s Disease)

A
  • antipsychotic medication - Pimozide - Risperidone
25
Q

what are benign proliferations of endothelial tissue that are the most common tumors among infants

A
  • infantile hemangioma
26
Q

progression of infantile hemangioma

A
  • appears in first weeks of life - proliferates for 6-24 months - then involutes over the next 3-10 years
27
Q

superficial infantile hemangioma looks like what

A
  • bright red
28
Q

deep infantile hemangioma looks like what

A
  • blue-purple nodule
29
Q

complications of infantile hemangioma

A
  • ulceration leading to pain and infection - PHACES syndrome - diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis
30
Q

what is PHACES syndrome

A
  • large, facial, dermatomal hemangiomas Posterior fossa and brain malformations Hemangioma Arterial anomalies of cervical and cerebral vessels Cardiac defects Eye anomalies Sternal defects
31
Q

what condition is diffuse skin and visceral involvement with risk of high output cardiac failure

A
  • diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis
32
Q

treatment of high disfigurement risk of infantile hemangioma

A
  • propranolol - systemic corticosteroids - vincristine
33
Q

what are well-demarcated red macules and patches that present at birth but develop darker color and cobblestoned texture and nodules as the patient ages

A
  • port wine stain
34
Q

what is port wine stain

A
  • congenital capillary malformation
35
Q

what condition has a port wine stain in the V1/V2 distribution associated with leptomeningeal angiomas and is associated with developmental delay, seizures, ocular abnormalities, and tissue overgrowth

A
  • Sturge-Weber syndrome
36
Q

what condition has a midline lumbosacral port wine stain

A
  • spinal dysraphism
37
Q

conditions that are located on the mid-face, eyelids, and nape (neck) are known as may be more prominent when crying

A
  • nevus simplex, salmon patches
38
Q

treatment of port wine stain

A
  • laser therapy - treat younger
39
Q

what condition in HIV positive individuals presents with dark nodules on the face, neck, and chest and may present in the mouth

A
  • Kaposi sarcoma
40
Q

Kaposi sarcoma is a neoplasm of endothelial cells linked to ______

A
  • HHV8
41
Q

Kaposi sarcoma is most commonly associated with HIV/AIDs and transplant patients due to ________

A
  • immunosuppression
42
Q

prevention for Kaposi sarcoma

A
  • HAART therapy (combined antiretroviral therapy_
43
Q

treatment of Kaposi sarcoma

A
  • chemotherapy
44
Q

what is an inflammatory disorder of the hair follicle causing abscesses, nodules and sinuses

A
  • hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa)
45
Q

is hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa) due to infection or hygeine

A
  • no
46
Q

risk factors for hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa)

A
  • female gender - family history - smoking - obesity
47
Q

what are epithelialized tunnels with multiple connections to the skin surface

A
  • sinuses
48
Q

management of hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa)

A
  • long term antibiotics - OCPs/spironolactone - adalimumab - incision and drainage

Derm Exam 1 (23 decks)

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