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Derm Exam 1 > Blisters > Flashcards

Blisters Flashcards

1
Q

what is the difference between a vesicle and a bulla

A
  • diameter
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2
Q

what distinguishes erosion from ulcer

A
  • depth
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3
Q

what is the name for a small blister

A
  • vesicle
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4
Q

what is the name for a large blister

A
  • bulla
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5
Q

what is the name for when blisters unroof

A
  • erosion
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6
Q

what is the name for dried transudate

A
  • crust
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7
Q

what does acral mean

A
  • on distal extremities - hands and feet
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8
Q

what does arcuate mean

A
  • in an arc or curve
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9
Q

what does dermatomal mean

A
  • follows distribution of sensory nerve
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10
Q

what does intertriginous mean

A
  • in the body’s folds
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11
Q

what does linear mean

A
  • straight line
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12
Q

_____ is caused by an eruption of latent varicella zoster virus

A
  • herpes zoster
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13
Q

group vesicles on an erythematous base are typical of

A
  • herpes zoster
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14
Q

herpes zoster is usually preceded by

A
  • pain or burning
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15
Q

shingles in the immunocompetent versus HSV

A
  • shingles occurs once - HSV recurs
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16
Q

treatment for shingles

A
  • acyclovir - valacylovir
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17
Q

clues to diagnosis of shingles

A
  • dermatomal eruption - unilateral distribution
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18
Q

grouped vesicles on an erythematous base on the chin and lip are most likely

A
  • herpes simplex
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19
Q

what do the vesicles of herpes simplex look like

A
  • pustular
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20
Q

HSV1 favors what regions

A
  • mouth and nose
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21
Q

HSV2 favors what regions

A
  • genitalia - buttock - thighs
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22
Q

perianal erosions or ulcerations in the immunosuppressed patients are usually _____

A
  • herpes simplex
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23
Q

recurrent ulcers on buttocks or genitals are _____ until proven otherwise

A
  • HSV
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24
Q

what is herpetic whitlow

A
  • form of herpes on the finger
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25
Q

what is Tzanck prep problems

A
  • scrape and microscopic exam - can’t differentiate VZV from HSV
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26
Q

viral culture for HSV can be performed when ____ is present

27
Q

_____ can differentiate HSV 1 and 2 as well as VZV

A
  • direct fluorescent antibody test
28
Q

_________ determines past exposure but may not directly relate to clinical findings

A
  • HSV antibody detection
29
Q

_________ is a rapid and sensitive diagnostic test that differentiates HSV1, HSV2, and VZV and is the initial test of choice at UNC

A
  • fluid swab
30
Q

treatment for HSV

31
Q

why don’t we use famciclovir or valacyclovir for HSV treatment their benefit

A
  • more expensive - easier dosing
32
Q

what presents as very pruritic vesiculopapules on the palms, soles, and sides of the fingers

A
  • dyshidrotic eczema
33
Q

after healing, dyshidrotic eczema leave behind a mark with a _______ color called ________

A
  • mahogany color - post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation
34
Q

mainstay of treatment of dyshidrotic eczema

A
  • potent topical steroids
35
Q

what conditions have vesicles located on the dorsal foot

A
  • contact dermatitis - insect bites
36
Q

what conditions have vesicles located on the sides of feet and toes

A
  • dyshidrotic eczema
37
Q

what conditions have vesicles located on the soles

A
  • tinea pedis
38
Q

what conditions have vesicles located on the balls, heels of foot

A
  • friction blisters
39
Q

what conditions have vesicles located on the mouth/nose/eyes

A
  • HSV - bullae impetigo
40
Q

what conditions have vesicles located on the chest and back in a dermatomal pattern

41
Q

what conditions have vesicles located on the fingers

A
  • dyshidrotic eczema - contact dermatitis - herpetic whitlow
42
Q

what conditions have vesicles located on the arms and legs

A
  • contact dermatitis
43
Q

what conditions have vesicles located on the genitalia with a bathing suit distribution

44
Q

what conditions have vesicles located on the feet

A
  • dyshidrotic eczema - tinea pedis - allergic contact dermatitis
45
Q

in which conditions does pain precede onset

46
Q

in which conditions does itch precede onset

A
  • allergic contact dermatitis - dyshidrotic eczema - VZV
47
Q

in which conditions does trauma precede onset

A
  • friction blister - pressure ulcer - cryotherapy
48
Q

in which conditions do you have recurrent blisters

49
Q

what is the primary VZV infection

A
  • chicken pox
50
Q

buzzword condition for diffuse vesicles on an erythematous base with various stages of healing

A
  • chicken pox
51
Q

how to diagnose chicken pox

A
  • PCR - DFA - cultura - Tzank
52
Q

in pemphigus vulgaris, you have autoantibodies to _________ between keratinocytes resulting in ______ bullae and erosions

A
  • desmogleins 1 and 3 - superficial
53
Q

pemphigus vulgaris is usually seen in which age group

54
Q

pemphigus vulgaris diagnose by

A
  • directly immunofluorescence
55
Q

pemphigus vulgaris classically has _____ involvement

56
Q

autoantibodies to desmoglein 3 and 1 in pemphigus vulgaris form what pattern

57
Q

bullous pemphigoid, you have autoantibodies to _____ resulting in _______ bullae on pruritic, urticarial base

A
  • hemidesmosome - deep, tense
58
Q

bullous pemphigoid split between which two layers

A
  • basement membrane and basal layer
59
Q

bullous pemphigoid affects what age

60
Q

bullous pemphigoid which antibodies found with direct immunofluorescence

A
  • BPAG2 antibodies
61
Q

bullous pemphigoid has what pattern of staining at the basement membrane zone

A
  • linear staining
62
Q

when would you do a biopsy for direct immunofluorescence test

A
  • autoimmune bullous diseases
63
Q

bullous impetigo can be diagnosed with

A
  • bacterial culture

Derm Exam 1 (23 decks)

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