Drug Rashes

Question 1

immediate drug reactions occur within _______ of the last dose

Answer 1

< 1 hour

Question 2

examples of immediate drug reactions

Answer 2

• urticaria - angioedema - anaphylaxis

Question 3

delayed reactions occur after _______ hours and occasionally ________ after the start of administration

Answer 3

• 6 hours - weeks/months

Question 4

SJS/TEN caused by allopurinol shows a strong associated with _________ in Han Chinese

Answer 4

HLA-B 5801

Question 5

reactions to aminopenicillins occur more commonly in patients with ______

Answer 5

• EBV

Question 6

HIV patients have a higher risk to reactions to _______-

Answer 6

• sulfonamides

Question 7

most common cutaneous drug eruption

Answer 7

• exanthematous

Question 8

drug reaction that presents with erythematous macules and infiltrated papules

Answer 8

• exanthematous drug eruption

Question 9

exanthematous drug eruption mainly presents about how many days after taking the drug

Answer 9

• >2 days - 8-11 days

Question 10

exanthematous drug eruption persists how long after stopping the drug

Answer 10

• 2-7 days

Question 11

treatment of exanthematous drug eruption

Answer 11

• topical steroid - antihistamines

Question 12

what drug reaction is characterized by the formation of a solitary erythematous patch or plaque that will recur at the same site with re-exposure to the drug

Answer 12

• fixed drug eruption

Question 13

commonly involved drugs for fixed drug eruption

Answer 13

• NSAIDS - tetracycline - metronidazole - sulfonamides

Question 14

healed fixed drug eruption lesions are what color

Answer 14

• dark brown with a violet hue

Question 15

treatment of fixed drug eruption

Answer 15

• stop drug

Question 16

treatment of non-eroded lesion from fixed drug eruption

Answer 16

• topical glucocorticoid

Question 17

treatment of eroded subcutaneous lesions from fixed drug eruption

Answer 17

• antimicrobial ointment

Question 18

what drug reaction is a skin reaction that presents with systemic symptoms and internal organ involvement. will also present with centrofacial swelling

Answer 18

• drug induced hypersensitivity syndrome

Question 19

70% of patients with drug induced hypersensitivity syndrome have what

Answer 19

• eosinophils

Question 20

signs and symptoms of drug induced hypersensitivity syndrome begin in what week after the start of medication

Answer 20

• 3rd week

Question 21

medications implicated in drug induced hypersensitivity syndrome

Answer 21

• allopurinol - sulfonamides - penicillin - anticonvulsants - abacavir

Question 22

what drug reaction begins as flaccid blisters but progresses to extensive necrosis and detachment of epidermis and mucosal surfaces

Answer 22

• Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis

Question 23

Stevens-Johnson syndrome affects what % of body surface area

Answer 23

• less than 10

Question 24

toxic epidermal necrolysis affects what percent of body surface area

Answer 24

> 30%

Question 25

high risk drugs for SJS/TEN

Answer 25

• sulfa - allopurinol - tetracyclines - anticonvulsants - NSAIDS

Question 26

SJS/TEN begins within how many weeks after onset of drug exposure

Answer 26

• 8 weeks

Question 27

what is Nikolsky sign in SJS/TEN

Answer 27

• skin detaches with lateral pressure

Question 28

what does Stevens Johnson syndrome often have involvement with

Answer 28

• mucous membranes

Question 29

treatment for SJS/TEN

Answer 29

• withdraw offending agent - treat in burn unit

Question 30

what is a painful erythematous drug reaction with targeted papules and oral ulceration that erupts over 72 hours and lasts 2 weeks

Answer 30

• erythema multiforme

Question 31

erythema multiforme related to _____ infection

Answer 31

• HSV

Question 32

important part of papules in erythema multiforme

Answer 32

• targetoid