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Derm Exam 1 > Purpura, Petechiae, and Vasculitis > Flashcards

Purpura, Petechiae, and Vasculitis Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

the term ______ describes a red-purple color due to extravasation of blood into the skin or mucous membranes

A
  • purpura
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2
Q

petechiae is how big

A

< 3 mm

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3
Q

ecchymosis are how big

A

> 5 mm

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4
Q

macular purpura is typically __________ (inflammatory/noninflammatory)

A
  • non-inflammatory
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5
Q

palpable purpura is a sign of _______ (non-inflammatory/inflammatory)

A
  • vascular inflammation - vasculitis
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6
Q

all forms of purpura (do or do not) blanch when pressed

A
  • do not blanch
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7
Q

what refers to the use of a glass side to apply pressure to the lesion in order to distinguish erythema secondary to vasodilation from erythrocytes extravasation - which will blanch?

A
  • diascopy - secondary to vasodilation
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8
Q

what presents with keratotic plugging of hair follicles with corkscrew hairs and hemorrhagic gingivitis

A
  • scurvy
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9
Q

_______ results from insufficiency vitamin C intake, increased requirement, and increased loss

A
  • scurvy
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10
Q

vitamin C is required for normal ______ structure

A
  • collagen
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11
Q

absence of collagen leads to _______ and _______ fragility

A
  • skin - vessel
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12
Q

what is the medical name for petechiae and large ecchymotic patches on the extremities

A
  • purpura fulminans
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13
Q

a patient presenting with petechiae and large ecchymotic patches on the extremities along with headache, stiff nick, and high fever is indicative of

A
  • meningitis
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14
Q

petechiae and purpura with meningitis should raise concerns for

A
  • sepsis - DIC
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15
Q

______ results from unregulated intravascular clotting resulting in depletion of clotting factors and bleeding

A
  • DIC
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16
Q

treatment for meningitis

A
  • antibiotics
17
Q

treatment for DIC

A
  • treat underlying condition
18
Q

what condition is characterized by faint macules on the wrists or ankles but becomes more widespread and petechial on the trunk, extremities, palms, and soles. often presents with fever

treatment

A
  • Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
  • doxycycline
19
Q

palpable purpura is the hallmark lesion of __________ vasculitis

A
  • leukocytic - small vessel
20
Q

what size vasculitis presents with subcutaneous nodules, pupura, and FIXED livedo reticularis.

A
  • small-medium
21
Q

what size vasculitis presents with claudication, ulceration, and necrosis

A
  • large vessel
22
Q

examples of small vessel vasculitis

A
  • Henonch-Schonlein purpura
23
Q

examples of mixed vessel vasculitis

A
  • ANCA association - Churg-Strauss - MPA - Wegener
24
Q

example of medium sized vasculitis

A
  • polyarteritis nodosa
25
Q

example of large vessel vasculitis

A
  • giant cell arteritis - Takayasu arteritis
26
Q

what is a condition that presents with non-blanching erythematous macules and papules on both legs and feet (sparing the trunk, upper extremities and face) with diffuse petechiae. often presents with abdominal pain and kidney disease

A
  • Henonch-Schonlein Purpura
27
Q

Henonch-Schonlein Purpura presents during what season and why?

A
  • winter - likely due to preceding viral or bacterial infection
28
Q

Henonch-Schonlein Purpura diagnosis often made by what

A
  • skin biopsy
29
Q

Henonch-Schonlein Purpura has what immune complex deposition

A
  • IgA
30
Q

treatment for Henonch-Schonlein Purpura

A
  • supportive + prednisone
31
Q

what condition presents with join pain/swelling, paresthesias, and painful subcutaneous skin nodules

A
  • polyarteritis nodosa
32
Q

polyarteritis nodosa can be associated with which infections

A
  • HBV/HCV - HIV - Parvovirus B19
33
Q

treatment for polyarteritis nodosa

A
  • wound care for skin ulcerations
  • prednisone or immunomodulation

Derm Exam 1 (23 decks)

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