Morphology and Therapeutic Basics Flashcards
what is the name of the initial lesion that occurs
- primary lesion
what is the name of the changes that occur due to time or manipulation
- secondary lesions
which lesion defines a disease (primary or secondary)
- primary
what is the name for small (<1cm) flat lesions
- macules
macule are caused by
- color changes in epidermis or upper dermis
presence of a macule indicates that the process is confined to the ______
- epidermis
do macules contain fluid and/or are raised?
- no
macules can have secondary changes such as _____ or ______
- scale - crust
if a flat lesion is over 1 cm it is called a _______
- patch
what is the description of color for a lesion the same color as the patient’s skin tone
- skin-colored
what is the name for raised lesions larger than 1 cm
- plaques
what lesions cast a shadow with side lighting
- plaques
plaques are a proliferation of cells in the ______ or _______
- epidermis - superficial dermis
what is the name for raised lesions less than 1 cm
- papule
papules are a proliferation of cells located in the _____ or ______
- epidermis - superficial dermis
a larger, deep papule is called a
- nodule
nodules are proliferations of cells down to the _______
- mid dermis
what is a raised area in the skin where the overlying epidermis looks and feels normal but there is a proliferation of cells in deeper tissues-
- nodule
what means location on the body
- distribution
what means how the lesions are arranged or relate to each other
- configuration
what is the name of lesions that are fluid-filled
- vesicles
a vesicle filled with pus is called a ________-
- pustule
pus is made up of _______ and a thin fluid called
- leukocytes - liquor puris
a superficial loss of the epidermis is called an
- erosion
erosions are an example of primary or secondary change?
- secondary change
If an erosion involves the dermis, it is called an
- ulcer
______ often heal with scarring _______ do not heal with scarring
- ulcers heal with scarring - erosions do not
ulcers are primary or secondary lesions
- secondary lesions
what is the name for a larger version of a vesicle
- bulla
the efficacy of any topical medication is related to
- active ingredient (strength) - anatomic location - mode of transport (vehicle) - concentration of medication
what vehicle is greasy but works best on non-hairy skin, away from intertriginous sites, or on areas with erosions does it sting
- ointments - does not sting
which vehicle is less greasy but can sting open skin. Can also use for intertrigenous areas, minimal scale, or patients who dislike thick ointment
- creams
what vehicle is less greasy than creams and can be used on face or hairy areas
- lotion
what vehicle can be used for the scalp
- oils/solutions
what vehicle is non-greasy, quick drying, and can be used for acne but may sting
- gel
what vehicle spreads readily and may sting open areas. use for hairy areas and inflammation
- foams
which vehicle is rarely used but good for scalps and may sting
- sprays
in topical steroid strength, which class of steroid is the strongest which is the lowest
- class I - class VI-VII
ointments are inherently stronger than _____ or ______
- lotions or creams
remember to look at the _____ not the percentage
- class
which class of steroids do you use for severe dermatoses over nonfacial and nonintertriginous areas like scalp, palms, soles, and extensor surfaces
- class I
which class of steroids do you use for milder conditions on trunk/extremities or for short periods on the face and intertriginous sites
- Classes II-V
which steroids to do use for face, eyelid, genital, and intertrigenous areas
- classes VI-VII
what are some local side effects of topical steroids
- skin atrophy - telangiecgtasias - striae - acne - steroid rosacea - hypopigmentation
example of super high potency steroid
- clobetasol
example of low potency steroid
- hydrocortisone
example of high potency steroid
- fluocinonide
example of medium potency steroid
- triamcinolone
