Bacterial Skin Infections Flashcards
what is an erythematous plaque that is tender to palpation with lymphatic streaking. also presents with elevated white count
- cellulitis
cellulitis is often found where on the body
- lower leg
streaks of lymphangitis in cellulitis may spread from the area to the _______
- draining lymph nodes
risk factors for cellulitis
- local trauma - inflammation - edema - systemic infection
what organism is most commonly responsible for cellulitis
- group A strep - staph aureus
treatment for cellulitis
- cephalosporin (covers GAS and S. aureus)
what is a superficial cellulitis with marked dermal lymphatic involvement causing marked edema
- erysipelas
main pathogen in erysipelas
- group A strep
where does erysipelas usually effect
- lower extremities - face
what presents with pain, superficial erythema, and plaque-like edema with a sharply defined margin to normal tissue. and an elevated white count
- erysipelas
treatment for erysipelas
- oral antibiotics to cover strep
what are erythematous warm, fluctuant nodules with several small pustules that are tender to palpation, and may drain spontaneously. often associated with IV drug use
- abscess
treatment of abscess
- incision and drainage - antibiotics in patients with multiple lesions
what is an acute, young, tender, circumscribed, perifollicular abscess that generally ends in central suppuration
- furuncle (boil)
what is a coalescence of several inflamed follicles into a single inflammatory mass with purulent drainage from multiple follices
- carbunculosis
furuncles and carbuncles are a subtype of ______
- abscess
where do furuncles and carbuncles preferentially occur
- skin areas containing hair follicles exposed to friction and perspiration
organisms that causes furuncles and carbuncles
- s. aureus
treatment of furuncles and carbuncles
- oral antibiotics
treatment for small furuncle
- warm compress to promote drainage.
what presents as multiple follicular pustules with surrounding erythema in the groin usually
- folliculitis
can genital folliculitis be sexually transmitted
- yes
majority of folliculitis pathogens are
- S. aureus
treatment of folliculitis
- antibacterial soap - avoid shaving - oral/topical anti-staph agents
what are peri-oral papules and plaques with overlying honey-colored crust
- impetigo
is impetigo contagious
- yes
organism that causes impetigo
- S. aureus - S. pyogenes
big characteristic of impetigo
- honey colored crust
bullous impetigo is caused by what
- staph exotoxin
what is a focus of infection that secretes toxin into the blood and leads to widespread superficial blisters where skin peels away in sheets
- staphyloccal scalded skin syndrome
who is at risk for scalded skin syndrome
- kids < 2 years of age - adults with renal disease
treatment of impetigo
- mupirocin ointment - cephalosporins, clindamycin
expanding rash that is ill-defined, with central patches of dusky blue discoloration is what
- necrotizing fasciitis
if you suspect necrotizing fasciitis, what do you do?
- consult surgery immediately
treatment for necrotizing fasciitis
- debridement - broad-spectrum systemic antibiotics
