Urogenital pathologies Flashcards
What is ambiguous genitalia?
is a condition present at birth where a newborn’s external genitals don’t appear clearly male or female. This can be due to hormonal irregularities during fetal development. Treatment may involve hormone therapy or surgery.
What is cryptorchidism?
a condition where one or both testes fail to descend into the scrotum before birth.
complications of cryptorchidism
- Infertility
- Increased risk of testicular cancer
What is aspermia?
Aspermia is the complete lack of semen during ejaculation.
What is torsion of the spermatic cord?
Torsion of the spermatic cord occurs when the spermatic cord twists, cutting off blood supply to the testicle.
cause of aspermia
- Blockages in the reproductive tract
- Hormonal imbalances.
What is a hydrocele?
A hydrocele is a fluid-filled sac around a testicle that causes swelling in the scrotum.
What is a spermatocele?
A spermatocele is a cyst that forms in the epididymis and contains fluid and dead sperm cells.
What is orchitis?
Orchitis is inflammation of the testicles, often caused by infections or viruses, such as mumps
What is genital candidiasis?
Genital candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by Candida species, leading to itching, redness, and discharge in the genital area. It’s commonly treated with antifungal medications.
What are horse shoe kidneys?
A congenital condition where the kidneys are fused at their lower poles, forming a horseshoe shape.
What causes horse shoe kidneys?
It’s a developmental anomaly that occurs during fetal growth
What are the signs and symptoms of horse shoe kidneys?
: Often asymptomatic, but can include abdominal pain,
* urinary tract infections,
* kidney stones.
What is the radiographic appearance of horse shoe kidneys?
: The kidneys appear fused at the lower poles, forming a characteristic horseshoe shape.
What imaging modality is used to diagnose horse shoe kidneys?
*: Ultrasound,
* CT scan,
* Intravenous pyelogram (IVP).
