Hepatobilliary 4 Flashcards
What is pancreatitis?
Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, which can be acute or chronic.
What causes pancreatitis?
Causes include gallstones, chronic alcohol abuse, medications, infections, and trauma.
What are the signs and symptoms of pancreatitis?
Symptoms include severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, and a rapid pulse.
What are the complications of pancreatitis?
Complications can include pancreatic necrosis, pseudocysts, infection, and diabetes.
What imaging modalities are used to diagnose pancreatitis?
Ultrasound, CT scans, and MRI are commonly used.
What is the radiographic appearance of pancreatitis?
Imaging may show an enlarged pancreas, peripancreatic fluid collections, and in chronic cases, calcifications.
What is diabetes mellitus?
Diabetes mellitus is a group of diseases characterized by high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.
What causes diabetes mellitus?
: Causes include genetic factors, autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells (Type 1), and insulin resistance (Type 2).
What are the signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus?
Symptoms include increased thirst, frequent urination, extreme hunger, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, and blurred vision
What are the complications of diabetes mellitus?
Complications can include cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, and foot ulcers.
What is the radiographic appearance of diabetes mellitus?
Imaging may show complications such as calcification of blood vessels, and in advanced cases, diabetic changes in the kidneys.
What imaging modalities are used to diagnose diabetes mellitus?
Diagnosis is primarily based on blood tests (e.g., fasting glucose, HbA1c). Imaging like ultrasound, CT, and MRI can be used to detect complications.
