Urogenital II Flashcards
1
Q
What does genital system develop after
A
urinary system
2
Q
where does the genital system develop from
A
primoridal germ cell start in epiblast layer
3
Q
identify developing hindgut
A
ppt slide 31
4
Q
in females what happens to primary gonadal cord
A
degenerate
5
Q
what is retoverie
A
degenerateing female primary gonadal cords
6
Q
identify primary degenerating gonadal cord
A
pg 31
7
Q
indifferent gonads have
A
both paramesonephric duct (female) and mesonephric duct (male)
8
Q
why do we want indifferent gonads
A
gonadal cords dont know if its male or female and PGC are not there yet to tell them
9
Q
mesonephric duct is originally part of what
A
kidney
10
Q
what oes paramesonephric duct do in reference ot urinary system
A
absolutely nothing
11
Q
paramesonephric duct is formed from what
A
intermediate mesoderm
12
Q
what forms the coelomic epithelium
A
intermediate mesoderm
13
Q
does paramesonephric duct have urinary function
A
no
14
Q
what does paramesonephric duct form
A
uterus, uterine tube, upper vagina
15
Q
what is lower part of vagina formed from
A
urogenital sins (endoderm)
16
Q
is lower part of vagina formed from paramesonephric duct
A
no, its formed from urogenital sinus
17
Q
sinovaginal ball
A
he showed on pg 32
18
Q
when do we find out of its male or female
A
7th week
19
Q
what is another name for mesonephric duct
A
wolffian duct
20
Q
what is another name for paramesonephric duct
A
mullerian duct
21
Q
what is testis cord formed from
A
intermediate mesoderm
22
Q
testis cords form what
A
rete testis
23
Q
efferent tubules connect what
A
future epididymis with testis cord
24
Q
what would happen if efferent tubules do not form
A
male would be sterile (no connetion b/w epididymis and testis cord)
25
sustentacular cells secrete what
mulerian inhibiting substance - prevents proflieration of mularian duct
26
qhat does mularian duct form
uterine tube
27
what is default developemnt of reproductive tract
female
28
why is it important that sustentacular cells are there in males
it prevents it from going to the default female pathway
29
what happens if ther is not enough mullerian inhibiting substance produced by sustentacular cells?
hermaphrodite - XY but female genitals
30
initially testis lie in what region
lumbar region of posterior abdominal wall
31
by 3rd month where are testis
deep inguinal ring
32
by 7th month what do testis pass through
inguinal canal
33
if the inguinal canal doesn't close off after testis pass through what could happen
inguinal hernia
34
when does testis reach scrotum
8th mnth
35
accumulation of peritoneal fluid in tunica vaginalis is what pathology
hydrocele testis
36
what is function of gubernaculum
pushes/pulls the testis through inguinal canal (process vginalis
37
what is another name for process vaginalis
inguinal canal
38
what does testis carry with it as it travels
its arteries and veins (testicular artery)
39
what is cryptorchidism
testis fail to descend
40
what is ectopia
abnormal position of testis under skin - can be along lower part of abdomen, thigh, femoral canal, penis ,behind scrotum
41
what is agenisis
no formation of testis
42
what is duplication
testis on one side
43
urogenital sinus comes from what
cloaclia
44
cloaclia comes from what
hindgut
45
what is organization of hindgut
endoderm inside VLPM outside
46
tip of glans penis is lined with what
skin
47
end or tip of urethra in penis is lined with what
skin = ectoderm
48
the intermediate mesoderm is considered what in male urogenital/reproductive part
vestigial
49
primary and secondary gonadal cords are formed from what
intermediate mesoderm
50
what happens to primary cords in female
disappears
51
what happens to secondary cord in female
PGC in it - they form oogonia dn then form primary oocytes
52
when does meiosis I start in women
5th month
53
when does meiosis I start in male
puberty
54
at puberty, how many oogonia are in the female
0 - they either degenerate or converted to primary oocytes
55
what happens in female ot mesonepheric duct
goes away
56
what happens in female to paramesonephric duct
forms uterus, uterus tube, cervix, upper part of vagina
57
100% of uterus is formed from what
paramesonephric duct
58
how does paramesonaphric duct form uterus
their caudal ends fuse together via lateral folding
59
what happens ot uterine septum
it goes away
60
what is sinovaginal bulb formed from? what are the two layers
urogenital sinus therefore it's formed from
inside: endoerm
outside: VLPM
61
paramesonephric duct fuses together and with what
with the urogenital sinus (sinovaginal bulb)
62
what happens to the lumen in the sinovaginal bulb
as child grows it gets bigger
63
what forms the muscluar part of the uterus
intermediate mesoderm
64
lower part of vagina is made of what
endoderm inside
| VLPM outside
65
Remnants of the mesonephros in (Epoophoron) and mesonephronic tubules (Paroophoron) females are located in:
mesoovarium
| pg 42 - leftover from something from males
66
do ovaries descend
yes
67
what helps ovaries to descend
gubernaculum
68
where are ovaries in reference to uterine tubes for final destination
below
69
what is round ligament of uterus formed by
gubernaculum
70
what does gubernaculum help to form
round ligatment of uterus & ovarian ligament
71
if septum does not disappear what happens
uterus didelphys with double vagina
72
is uterus didelphys compatible with pregnancy
no
73
where does implantation normally occur
poterior superior part of uterus
74
is uterus bicornis compatible with pregnancy
no
75
what has lack of fusion of paramesonephric ducts but entering common vagina
uterus bicornis
76
what is lack of fusion at only a small point (fundus)
uterus arcuatus
77
what is lack of fusion of paramesonephric duct throughout the entire length
Uterus didelphys with double vagina-
78
cloacial membrane is the bottom part of what
cloaclia
79
what is cloacal membrane formed from
endoderm inside
| vlpm outside
80
external genitalia are similar instructure until what week
7
81
urethral groove will eventually be-
covered up (like zipper)
82
genial tubercle (in front) does what with testosterone
it gets bigger and forms penis
83
as penis is formed what is stretched forward
cloaclial membrane
84
what does cloaclial membrane form when it is stretched by penis
urethra
85
what happens if urethral fold doesnt fuse together
penile abnormalities
86
external urethral orifice is on the ventral aspect of glans - what is this
glandular hypospadias
87
external urethral orifice is on the ventral surface of the penis along with chordee (abnormal angle of head of penis) - what pathology
penile hypospadias with chordee
88
external urethral orifice is located at the penoscrotal junction is what pathology
penoscrotal hypospadias
89
external urethral orifice is on dorsal surface of penis-what pathology
Epispadias-
90
have both testis and ovary- usually combined as ovotestis karyotype is 46,XX and there is usually a uterus. External genitalia are ambiguous - what patholgoy?
true hermaphrodities
91
Genotypic sex is masked by the phenotype appearance of other sex, but females have normal ovarian tissue and males have normal testicular tissue is what pathology
pseudohermaphrodities
92
congenital adrenal hyperplasia (where adrenal gland is abnormally acted) causes what
female pseudohermaphrodite
93
primordial germ cells come from what
epiblast
94
VLPM forms the muscular wall of what in reproductive tract
vagina
95
paraxial mesoderm forms what
skeletal muscle (not infolved in reproductive sytstem)
96
paraxial mesoderm forms what
skeletal muscle (not infolved in reproductive sytstem)
97
what does nephric duct form
mesonephric duct
98
whats importance of mesonephric duct
forms two of the uteric buds
99
uteric buds form what
metonephric blastema or nephron of mature third kidney
100
what week do external genitalia start to form
week 3
101
mesoderm proliferates and forms cloacal folds around what?
common clacal membrane
102
cloacal folds unite anteriorly and form what
genitle tubercle
103
what form scrotum or labia majora?
lateral coacal folds (from genital swellings)
104
what form urethral folds
cloacal folds
105
what do urethral folds form?
urogenital & anal membranes
106
what happens to urethral folds in female
they do not fuse and form labia minora
107
what do genital swellings become in female
labia majora
108
what is clitoris derived from
genitle tubercle
109
what does female urethra develop from?
vesicourethral canal (vesicular part of urogenitcal sinus)
110
round ligament of uterus is analagous to what in the male
gubernaculum
