Urogenital II Flashcards
What does genital system develop after
urinary system
where does the genital system develop from
primoridal germ cell start in epiblast layer
identify developing hindgut
ppt slide 31
in females what happens to primary gonadal cord
degenerate
what is retoverie
degenerateing female primary gonadal cords
identify primary degenerating gonadal cord
pg 31
indifferent gonads have
both paramesonephric duct (female) and mesonephric duct (male)
why do we want indifferent gonads
gonadal cords dont know if its male or female and PGC are not there yet to tell them
mesonephric duct is originally part of what
kidney
what oes paramesonephric duct do in reference ot urinary system
absolutely nothing
paramesonephric duct is formed from what
intermediate mesoderm
what forms the coelomic epithelium
intermediate mesoderm
does paramesonephric duct have urinary function
no
what does paramesonephric duct form
uterus, uterine tube, upper vagina
what is lower part of vagina formed from
urogenital sins (endoderm)
is lower part of vagina formed from paramesonephric duct
no, its formed from urogenital sinus
sinovaginal ball
he showed on pg 32
when do we find out of its male or female
7th week
what is another name for mesonephric duct
wolffian duct
what is another name for paramesonephric duct
mullerian duct
what is testis cord formed from
intermediate mesoderm
testis cords form what
rete testis
efferent tubules connect what
future epididymis with testis cord
what would happen if efferent tubules do not form
male would be sterile (no connetion b/w epididymis and testis cord)
sustentacular cells secrete what
mulerian inhibiting substance - prevents proflieration of mularian duct
qhat does mularian duct form
uterine tube
what is default developemnt of reproductive tract
female
why is it important that sustentacular cells are there in males
it prevents it from going to the default female pathway
what happens if ther is not enough mullerian inhibiting substance produced by sustentacular cells?
hermaphrodite - XY but female genitals
initially testis lie in what region
lumbar region of posterior abdominal wall
by 3rd month where are testis
deep inguinal ring
by 7th month what do testis pass through
inguinal canal
if the inguinal canal doesn’t close off after testis pass through what could happen
inguinal hernia
when does testis reach scrotum
8th mnth
accumulation of peritoneal fluid in tunica vaginalis is what pathology
hydrocele testis
what is function of gubernaculum
pushes/pulls the testis through inguinal canal (process vginalis
what is another name for process vaginalis
inguinal canal
what does testis carry with it as it travels
its arteries and veins (testicular artery)
what is cryptorchidism
testis fail to descend
what is ectopia
abnormal position of testis under skin - can be along lower part of abdomen, thigh, femoral canal, penis ,behind scrotum
what is agenisis
no formation of testis
what is duplication
testis on one side
urogenital sinus comes from what
cloaclia
cloaclia comes from what
hindgut
what is organization of hindgut
endoderm inside VLPM outside
tip of glans penis is lined with what
skin
end or tip of urethra in penis is lined with what
skin = ectoderm
the intermediate mesoderm is considered what in male urogenital/reproductive part
vestigial
primary and secondary gonadal cords are formed from what
intermediate mesoderm
what happens to primary cords in female
disappears
what happens to secondary cord in female
PGC in it - they form oogonia dn then form primary oocytes
when does meiosis I start in women
5th month
when does meiosis I start in male
puberty
at puberty, how many oogonia are in the female
0 - they either degenerate or converted to primary oocytes
what happens in female ot mesonepheric duct
goes away
what happens in female to paramesonephric duct
forms uterus, uterus tube, cervix, upper part of vagina
100% of uterus is formed from what
paramesonephric duct
how does paramesonaphric duct form uterus
their caudal ends fuse together via lateral folding
what happens ot uterine septum
it goes away
what is sinovaginal bulb formed from? what are the two layers
urogenital sinus therefore it’s formed from
inside: endoerm
outside: VLPM
paramesonephric duct fuses together and with what
with the urogenital sinus (sinovaginal bulb)
what happens to the lumen in the sinovaginal bulb
as child grows it gets bigger
what forms the muscluar part of the uterus
intermediate mesoderm
lower part of vagina is made of what
endoderm inside
VLPM outside
Remnants of the mesonephros in (Epoophoron) and mesonephronic tubules (Paroophoron) females are located in:
mesoovarium
pg 42 - leftover from something from males
do ovaries descend
yes
what helps ovaries to descend
gubernaculum
where are ovaries in reference to uterine tubes for final destination
below
what is round ligament of uterus formed by
gubernaculum
what does gubernaculum help to form
round ligatment of uterus & ovarian ligament
if septum does not disappear what happens
uterus didelphys with double vagina
is uterus didelphys compatible with pregnancy
no
where does implantation normally occur
poterior superior part of uterus
is uterus bicornis compatible with pregnancy
no
what has lack of fusion of paramesonephric ducts but entering common vagina
uterus bicornis
what is lack of fusion at only a small point (fundus)
uterus arcuatus
what is lack of fusion of paramesonephric duct throughout the entire length
Uterus didelphys with double vagina-
cloacial membrane is the bottom part of what
cloaclia
what is cloacal membrane formed from
endoderm inside
vlpm outside
external genitalia are similar instructure until what week
7
urethral groove will eventually be-
covered up (like zipper)
genial tubercle (in front) does what with testosterone
it gets bigger and forms penis
as penis is formed what is stretched forward
cloaclial membrane
what does cloaclial membrane form when it is stretched by penis
urethra
what happens if urethral fold doesnt fuse together
penile abnormalities
external urethral orifice is on the ventral aspect of glans - what is this
glandular hypospadias
external urethral orifice is on the ventral surface of the penis along with chordee (abnormal angle of head of penis) - what pathology
penile hypospadias with chordee
external urethral orifice is located at the penoscrotal junction is what pathology
penoscrotal hypospadias
external urethral orifice is on dorsal surface of penis-what pathology
Epispadias-
have both testis and ovary- usually combined as ovotestis karyotype is 46,XX and there is usually a uterus. External genitalia are ambiguous - what patholgoy?
true hermaphrodities
Genotypic sex is masked by the phenotype appearance of other sex, but females have normal ovarian tissue and males have normal testicular tissue is what pathology
pseudohermaphrodities
congenital adrenal hyperplasia (where adrenal gland is abnormally acted) causes what
female pseudohermaphrodite
primordial germ cells come from what
epiblast
VLPM forms the muscular wall of what in reproductive tract
vagina
paraxial mesoderm forms what
skeletal muscle (not infolved in reproductive sytstem)
paraxial mesoderm forms what
skeletal muscle (not infolved in reproductive sytstem)
what does nephric duct form
mesonephric duct
whats importance of mesonephric duct
forms two of the uteric buds
uteric buds form what
metonephric blastema or nephron of mature third kidney
what week do external genitalia start to form
week 3
mesoderm proliferates and forms cloacal folds around what?
common clacal membrane
cloacal folds unite anteriorly and form what
genitle tubercle
what form scrotum or labia majora?
lateral coacal folds (from genital swellings)
what form urethral folds
cloacal folds
what do urethral folds form?
urogenital & anal membranes
what happens to urethral folds in female
they do not fuse and form labia minora
what do genital swellings become in female
labia majora
what is clitoris derived from
genitle tubercle
what does female urethra develop from?
vesicourethral canal (vesicular part of urogenitcal sinus)
round ligament of uterus is analagous to what in the male
gubernaculum
