Nervous System and Special Senses (Eye & Ear) Development Flashcards
1
Q
What forms most of PNS
A
neural crest cells
2
Q
what does neural tube form
A
brain & spinal cord neurons CNS
Glia
3
Q
all 3 layers of meninges are formed by what
A
neural crest cells
4
Q
what layer do they all come from
A
neural epithelial cells
5
Q
enitre lineage of all cells from neurotube come from what
A
neural epithelial cells
6
Q
what is germative layer
A
neural epithelial cell layer
7
Q
what are the neural cells before they hit their target
A
bipolar neuroblast or glialblast
8
Q
until they hit their target they don’t do what
A
differentiate
9
Q
when do the neural cells differentiate
A
when they hit their target
10
Q
what are the cells called that don’t leave
A
appendable cells
11
Q
mesenchymal will form what
A
microglia
12
Q
what are the scavengar cells
A
microglia
13
Q
what do the microglia
A
come in after things are being formed and cleaned up the scavengers
14
Q
In week 4 what is first thing that happens
A
develops 3 bulges
15
Q
does neural tube go spine
A
yes
16
Q
what is the first bulge in 4th week
A
prosencephalon
17
Q
what is second bulge in 4th week
A
mesencephalon
18
Q
what is third bulge in 4th week
A
rhombencephalon
19
Q
what is cervical flexure formed from
A
tailfold
20
Q
what folds the neural tube
A
headfold, tailfold
21
Q
what is prosencephalon
A
forebrain
22
Q
what does proencephalon give rise to
A
telencephalon & diencephalon
23
Q
what does telencephalon form
A
forebrain
24
Q
what does diencephalon form
A
optic vesicle (eyes)
25
what is mesencephalon
midbrain
26
what is rhombencephalon
hindbrain
27
is the retina a nerve
no it is brain itself
28
cephalic & cervical flexure - label
pg 7
29
label pontine flexure
pg 8
30
what does pontine flexure do
bend & separates metencephalon & myelencephalon
31
what structural changes happen to midbrain
not much
32
what is the first layer called laying across neural tube
ventricular/ependymal zone
33
what embryologically is important about ventircular zone
everything comes from it it is the germ layer
34
what is second layer across neural tube
intermediate/mantle zone
35
what is the third layer across neural tube
marginal zone
36
what wlil be shifted along neural axis due to presence of ventricles
alar & basal plates
37
in telencephalon how many layers are added
2 layers
38
how many add'l layers does cerebellum have
3 add'l layers
39
lateral 3rd and 4th ventricles shift the alar and basal plates which direction
down
40
what helps form cerebellar hemispheres
alar plates
41
what do basal pplates form in hindbrain
everything but cerebellar hemispheres
42
what are the 3 added layers on the hindbrain formed after 3 original layers and migrate on radial glia
granular, purkinje, molecular layers
43
how many layers are added and changed in midbrain
none
44
the cerebral cortex forms what add'l 2 neuronal layers in forebrain**
neocortex & molecular
45
the neocortex and molecular layers wil differentiate into what
6 final layers of the cerebral cortex
46
what is meninges originate from
neural crest & mesoderm of neural tube
47
describe the organization of early neural tube that makes spinal cord
central lumen, alar ,basal plates
48
what happens to ventral horns in spinal cord
cervical enlargement & lumbar enlargement
49
what kind of cells are in ventral horn
motor
50
where is cervical enlargement
by upper limbs (need more motor in ventral horn by upper limb)
51
where is lumbar enlargement
by lower limb (need more motor in ventral horn by lower limbs)
52
where does PNS originate from
neural crest cells
53
if you remove brain and spinal cord what would happen to peripheral nervous system
it wouldn't work
54
if you take out brain and spinal cord what happens to enteric nervous system
would still function
55
where does development of eye come from
dianephalon (forebrain)
56
eye first starts as what
optic groove
57
optic stalk comes from what*****
forebrain - it is brain itself
58
identify the forebrain that makes optic stalk
pg 17
59
what does optic cup
sends induction signals to surface ectoderm & lens of eye
60
lens of eye is made of what
surface ectoderm
61
anterior cornea is made of what
surface ectoderm
62
inner layer of cornea is dervied fromw hat
neural crest cells
63
retina has what two layers
outer pigmented & inner neural layer
64
hyaloid artery has proximal and ____ part
distal
65
as baby develops what happens to hyaloid artery
it breaks up into tiny pieces and floats in your eye for the REST OF YOUR LIFE
66
what happens to hyaloid artery in optic nerve
becomes central artery of retina
67
sclera originates from what
neural crest cells
68
cilliary muscle is derived from what
neural crest cells
69
what 3 muscles of eye violate the rule of where muscle orinates from
cilliary muscle, sphincter and dilator pupillae musle
70
sphincter and dilator pupillae musle are derived from what**
neural tube itself
71
choroid is derived from what**
neural crest cells
72
is chorid mesoderm in origina
no it is neural crest
73
what is unique about the pharyngeal arch #1
inside and outside are both ectoderm
74
outer ear comes from clef of what
pharyngeal arch 1
75
auricle of ear is fromed from what
auricular swellings from pharyngeal arches 1 & 2
76
what is unique about the tympanic membrane
only part of human body derived from all 3 germ layers
77
outside of ear is lined with what
ectoderm
78
inside ear is lined with what
mesoderm
79
inner ear is lined with what
endoderm
80
oval window does not have what organization
the same as the rest of the ear - with all 3 germ layers, only the tympanic membrane has that
81
what is the lining of the entire middle ear
endoderm
82
anything that comes off of middle ear like iditris or pharyngeal tympanic tube
endoderm
83
inner ear is made of what
surface ectoderm
84
inner ear migrates and clicks into what
middle ear
85
all the parts of inner ear is derived from what
ectoderm
86
what happens if inner ear doesn't migrate correctly
no inner ear & sensory deafness
87
what is the external ear mainly formed from
ecotermal
88
pharyngeal arch 1 goes in and forms what
external aucustic meatis and ultimately helps form the outer part of tympacni membrane
89
middle ear is lined with what
endoderm
90
inner ear is lined with what
surface ectodermal
91
diencephalon comes from what
neural ectoderm
92
retina is what
forebraine - brian itself
93
does optic stalk have 3 layers of meninges
yes, retina is forebrain itself
94
what does posterior of ear
neural crest
95
sclera and choroid are not what
mesoderm (they are neural crest cells)
96
what does posterior of ear
neural crest(check on this, not sure if this is what he mean)
97
sclera and choroid are not what
mesoderm (they are neural crest cells)
98
neuroectoderm forms what
neural tube & neural crest cells
99
what else besides cephalic fold differentiates forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain
headfold, tailfold, pontine
100
does the spinal cord 3 layers have the same size throughout its entire length
partially true, but there is cervical and lumbar enlargement
101
lateral ventirlces do what
shove everything downard, they have huge affect
102
neuropethelial layer wille ventually form what
ventricular layer
103
inner ear is derived from what
ectoderm
104
outer ear is lined with what
ectoderm
