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Anatomy 1 > Urinary Tract > Flashcards

Urinary Tract Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 main components of the urinary tract?

A
  1. Kidneys
  2. Ureters
  3. Bladder
  4. Urethra
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2
Q

What are 4 functions of the urinary system?

A
  1. Removal of waste products
  2. Regulation of electrolyte balance
  3. Regulation of acid-base homeostasis
  4. Control blood volume
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3
Q

What separates kidney from pleural cavity and 11th and 12th ribs?

A

Diaphragm

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4
Q

What three muscles are found posterior to kidneys from medial aspect to lateral aspect?

A
  1. Psoas major
  2. Quadratus lumborum
  3. Transversus abdominis
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5
Q

What 3 nerves descend posterior to the kidney?

A
  1. Subcostal
  2. Iliohypogastric
  3. Ilioinguinal
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6
Q

What is the main difference between left and right suprarenal veins?

A

Right suprarenal vein drains directly into IVC while left suprarenal vein drains into left renal vein

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7
Q

What is the main difference between left and right gonadal veins?

A

Right gonadal vein drains directly into IVC while left gonadal vein drains into left renal vein

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8
Q

What is the order of the 3 structures entering the hilum of the kidney from anterior to posterior?

A
  1. Renal vein
  2. Renal artery
  3. Ureter
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9
Q

What are ureters?

A

Paired muscular tubes which carry urine from kidney to bladder

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10
Q

How is urine transported along ureter?

A

Peristaltic action

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11
Q

Where do they pass through the pelvis?

A

Anterior to common iliac arteries

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12
Q

Name 3 constrictions of the ureter

A
  1. Pelviureteric junction
  2. Vesicoureteric junction
  3. Ureter crossing common iliac artery
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13
Q

What is the pelviureteric junction?

A

Junction between renal pelvis and ureter

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14
Q

What is the vesicoureteric junction?

A

Junction as ureter obliquely enters bladder wall

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15
Q

What problem can arise in the constrictions of the ureter?

A

Stones are more likely to get stuck here

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16
Q

Name 3 parts of the ureter

A
  1. Abdominal ureter
  2. Pelvic ureter
  3. Intravesical ureter
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17
Q

Where does the abdominal ureter become the pelvic ureter?

A

Pelvic brim

18
Q

Where does the pelvic ureter becomes the intravesical ureter?

A

Bladder

19
Q

Give an account of the ureters descent course

A
  • Runs along medial aspect of psoas muscle
  • Enters pelvis anteriorly to sacroiliac joint
  • Continues anteriorly to internal iliac artery
  • At ischial spin turns forward and medially to enter posterolateral wall of bladder
20
Q

Where is the bladder located in females?

A

Behind the pubic bone

21
Q

Where does the bladder lie in adults when its empty?

A

Pelvis

22
Q

Where does the bladder lie in adults when it begins to fill?

A

Superior wall rises into hypogastric region

23
Q

Where does the bladder always lie in young children?

A

Always projects above pelvic inlet

24
Q

Where do the ureters pierce the bladder?

A

Postolateral surface

25
Q

What is the Urachus?

A

Connection between urinary bladder and umbilicus before birth which becomes a ligament after birth

26
Q

What is the vas deferens?

A

Connects testes to urethra

27
Q

What are the 2 the lateral relations of the urinary bladder in males and females?

A
  1. Obturator internus

2. Levator ani

28
Q

What is the superior relation of the urinary bladder in females?

A

Uterus

29
Q

What is the posterior relation of the urinary bladder in females?

A

Vagina

30
Q

What are the 3 superior relation of the urinary bladder in males?

A
  1. Peritoneum
  2. Coils of ileum
  3. Sigmoid colon
31
Q

What are the 5 posterior relations of the urinary bladder in males?

A
  1. Vas deferens
  2. Seminal vesicle
  3. Rectum
  4. Rectovesical fascia
  5. Peritoneum
32
Q

What are the 2 anterior relation of the urinary bladder in males and females?

A
  1. Symphysis pubis

2. Retropubic fat

33
Q

What is the inferior relation of the urinary bladder in males?

A

Prostate gland

34
Q

What is the muscle of the bladder wall called?

A

Detrusor muscle

35
Q

Where is the detrusor muscle thickened?

A

Neck

36
Q

Why is the detrusor muscle thickened?

A

Form involuntary internal urethral sphincter

37
Q

What is trigone of the urinary bladder?

A

Triangular area between the openings of the two ureters and urethra

38
Q

Why do female pelvises lie lower than males?

A

Absence of prostate

39
Q

In females, what is the space between the uterus and rectum called in females?

A

Douglas pouch

40
Q

In females, what is the space between the uterus and bladder called in females?

A

Vesicouterine pouch

41
Q

In males, what is the space between the rectum and bladder called in females?

A

Rectovesical pouch

Anatomy 1 (20 decks)

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