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Anatomy 1 > Arteries and Veins of Systemic Circulation > Flashcards

Arteries and Veins of Systemic Circulation Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the descending thoracic aorta found?

A

Posterior mediastinum

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2
Q

What vertebrae does the descending thoracic aorta run between?

A

T4 - T12

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3
Q

What is the name of the place where the descending aorta changes?

A

Aortic hiatus

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4
Q

At the aortic hiatus, what does the descending aorta become?

A

Abdominal aorta

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5
Q

Name the 5 main branches which come from the descending aorta

A
  1. Pericardial branches
  2. Bronchial arteries
  3. Oesophageal arteries
  4. Superior phrenic arteries
  5. Posterior intercostal arteries
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6
Q

At what vertebral level does the aortic arch begin and end?

A

T4

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7
Q

Name the 3 branches which come from the arch of the aorta

A
  1. Brachiocephalic
  2. Left Common Carotid
  3. Left Subclavian
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8
Q

What happens to the brachiocephalic trunk?

A

Bifurcates into the right common carotid and the right subclavian

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9
Q

What are the main 3 parts of the abdominal aorta?

A
  1. 5 paired parietal branches
  2. 3 paired visceral branches
  3. 3 unpaired GIT branches
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10
Q

Describe the 5 paired parietal branches of the abdominal aorta

A

One inferior phrenic artery and four posterior lumbar arteries

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11
Q

Describe the 3 paired visceral branches of the abdominal aorta

A

Renal arteries, suprarenal arteries and gonadal arteries

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12
Q

Describe the 3 unpaired GIT branches of the abdominal aorta

A

One celiac trunk, one superior mesenteric artery and one inferior mesenteric artery

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13
Q

At what level does the abdominal aorta bifurcate?

A

L4

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14
Q

Describe the naming progression of the subclavian artery as the artery descends the upper limb

A
  1. Subclavian artery
  2. Axillary artery
  3. Brachial artery
  4. Radial/Ulnar arteries
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15
Q

Where does the subclavian artery become the axillary artery?

A

Lateral boarder of the first rib

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16
Q

Where does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?

A

Lower boarder of the teres major

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17
Q

Where does the brachial artery bifurcate?

A

Cubital fossa

18
Q

What is the branch which the brachial artery gives rise to immediately distal to the teres major?

A

Profunda brachii

19
Q

What are the two major superficial veins of the upper limb?

A
  1. Cephalic

2. Basilic

20
Q

Where do the cephalic and basilic veins originate from?

A

Dorsal venous network of the hand

21
Q

On what aspect of the limb does the cephalic vein ascend?

A

Antero-lateral aspect

22
Q

Where and how does the cephalic vein terminate?

A

Within the axilla by joining the axillary vein

23
Q

What happens the basilic vein at the lower boarder of the teres major?

A

It moves deep into the arm

24
Q

What happens after the basilic vein moves deep into the arm?

A

It combines with venae comitantes of brachial artery to form axillary vein

25
Q

What are venae comitantes?

A

The name given to a vein which runs alongside an artery but is smaller than said artery

26
Q

What joins the cephalic and basilic vein?

A

The median cubital vein

27
Q

What is the purpose of the median cubital vein?

A

In the event that the cephalic or basilic vein becomes blocked, venous blood flow can continue in the upper limb

28
Q

What is the order of major arteries, in descending order, of the lower limb?

A
  1. Iliac artery
  2. Femoral artery
  3. Profunda femoris
  4. Popliteal artery
  5. Anterior tibial artery / Tibioperoneal trunk
29
Q

At what level does the femoral artery arise?

A

Level of the inguinal ligament

30
Q

At what level does the popliteal artery arise from?

A

After passing through the adductor magnus opening

31
Q

What else happens to the artery as it passes through the adductor magus opening?

A

It moves to the posterior portion of the leg

32
Q

What happens to the tibioperoneal trunk?

A

Bifurcates into posterior tibial and fibular arteries

33
Q

What is the main venous structure of the foot?

A

Dorsal venous arch

34
Q

Some veins from the arch penetrate deep into the leg. What vein do they form?

A

Anterior tibial vein

35
Q

What 2 veins arise on the plantar aspect of the foot?

A

Medial and lateral plantar veins

36
Q

What vein arises when medial and lateral plantar veins combine?

A

Posterior tibial and fibular veins

37
Q

Where do the anterior tibial, posterior tibial and posterior fibular veins combine?

A

Posterior surface of the knee

38
Q

What is the name of the vein found on the posterior surface of the knee?

A

Popliteal veins

39
Q

How does the popliteal vein enter the thigh?

A

Adductor canal

40
Q

What happens the popliteal vein once it enters the thigh?

A

It becomes the femoral vein

41
Q

In what blood vessels are valves found?

A

Veins

42
Q

What are the function of valves?

A

Ensure unidirectional blood flow

Anatomy 1 (20 decks)

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