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Anatomy 1 > Anterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 main areas of the pelvic bone?

A
  1. Pubis
  2. Ilium
  3. Ischium
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2
Q

Where does the femur articulate with the pelvic bone?

A

Acetabulum

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3
Q

What is the most superior part of the pelvic bone?

A

Iliac crest

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4
Q

What is the most inferior part of the pelvic bone?

A

Ischial tuberosity

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5
Q

What divides the two sciatic notches?

A

Ischial spine

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6
Q

What is the line found between articular surface of pubic symphysis and articular surface of sacroiliac joint?

A

Arcuate line

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7
Q

What is the opening in the pubis called?

A

Obturator foramen

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8
Q

What are the 2 planes which divide the abdomen into quadrants?

A
  1. Midsagittal plane

2. Transumbilical plane

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9
Q

What are the 3 planes which divide the abdomen into regions?

A
  1. Midclavicular planes
  2. Vertebral level L3
  3. Vertebral level L5
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10
Q

What are 2 other names for the plane of vertebral level L3?

A
  1. Subcostal plane

2. 10th costal margin

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11
Q

What is another name for the plane of vertebral level L5?

A

Intertubercular plane (between iliac tubercles on either pelvic bone)

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12
Q

What are the 9 regions of the abdomen?

A
  1. Right hypochondrium
  2. Epigastric
  3. Left hypochondrium
  4. Right flank
  5. Umbilical
  6. Left flank
  7. Right inguinal
  8. Hypogastric
  9. Left inguinal
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13
Q

What is found in the right hypochondrium region of abdomen?

A

Right lobe of liver

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14
Q

What is found in the epigastric region of abdomen?

A

Liver and stomach

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15
Q

What is found in the left hypochondrium region of abdomen?

A

Left lobe of liver and spleen

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16
Q

What is found in the right flank region of abdomen?

A

Ascending colon

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17
Q

What is found in the umbilical region of abdomen?

A

Small intestine

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18
Q

What is found in the left flank region of abdomen?

A

Descending colon

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19
Q

What is found in the right inguinal region of abdomen?

A

Caecum and appendix

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20
Q

What is found in the hypogastric region of abdomen?

A

Lower part of small intestine, bladder and uterus

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21
Q

What is found in the left inguinal region of abdomen?

A

Sigmoid colon

22
Q

What nerves provide innervation of anterior abdominal wall?

A

Intercostal nerves T7 - T11, subcostal nerve T12 and L1

23
Q

What area does T6 innervate?

A

Skin over xiphoid process

24
Q

What area does T10 innervate?

A

Skin around umbilicus

25
Q

What area does L1 innervate?

A

Skin and muscle in inguinal and suprapubic regions of abdominal wall

26
Q

What are the 4 muscles which form the abdominal muscle?

A
  1. External oblique
  2. Internal oblique
  3. Transversus abdominis
  4. Rectus abdominis (enclosed in rectus sheath)
27
Q

In what direction do external oblique fibres run?

A

Down and medial

28
Q

In what direction do internal oblique fibres run?

A

Down and lateral

29
Q

In what direction do transversus abdominis fibres run?

A

Transverse

30
Q

What two arteries form anastomosis behind rectus abdominis muscle?

A

Superior and inferior epigastric artery

31
Q

What divides rectus abdominis into discrete sections?

A

Tendinous intersections

32
Q

What is an aponeurosis in terms of the abdomen?

A

The tendon which joins the abdominal muscles to each other and the skin

33
Q

Between what two levels does the aponeurosis of the internal oblique split?

A

Costal margin and level of anterosuperior iliac spine

34
Q

What is the function of the aponeurosis of the internal oblique splitting?

A

Encloses the rectus abdominis muscle

35
Q

What forms the anterior aspect of the rectus sheath above the arcuate line?

A

Aponeurosis of external oblique muscle and anterior half of aponeurosis of internal oblique muscle

36
Q

What forms the posterior aspect of the rectus sheath above the arcuate line?

A

Posterior half of aponeurosis of internal oblique muscle and aponeurosis of transversus abdominis muscle

37
Q

How does the arrangement of the rectus sheath change below the arcuate line?

A

Posterior wall is formed only by fascia transversalis so rectus muscle is in contact with fascia transversalis

38
Q

What 4 things can be contained in the rectus sheath?

A
  1. Rectus abdominis
  2. Pyramidalis
  3. Anterior rami of lower 6 thoracic nerves
  4. Superior and inferior epigastric vessels
39
Q

What is the tendon which runs medially between the two rectus abdominis muscles?

A

Linea alba

40
Q

What nerves supply the rectus abdominis?

A

Lower 6 thoracic nerves

41
Q

What 3 nerves supply the oblique and transversus abdominis muscles?

A
  1. Lower six thoracic nerves
  2. Iliohypogastric
  3. Ilioinguinal
42
Q

How many arteries supply the antero-lateral abdominal wall?

A

8

43
Q

What are the 8 arteries which supply the antero-lateral abdominal wall?

A
  1. Superior epigastric
  2. Musculophrenic
  3. Inferior epigastric
  4. Deep circumflex
  5. Inferior phrenic
  6. Lower posterior intercostal
  7. Subcostal
  8. Lumbar
44
Q

Where does the superior epigastric artery arise?

A

Internal thoracic artery

45
Q

Where does the musculophrenic artery arise?

A

Internal thoracic artery

46
Q

Where does the inferior epigastric artery arise?

A

External iliac artery

47
Q

Where does the deep circumflex artery arise?

A

External iliac artery

48
Q

Where does the inferior phrenic artery arise?

A

Abdominal aorta

49
Q

Where does the lower posterior intercostal artery arise?

A

Thoracic aorta

50
Q

Where does the subcostal artery arise?

A

Thoracic aorta

51
Q

Where do lumbar arteries arise?

A

Abdominal aorta

Anatomy 1 (20 decks)

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