Urinary Tract Flashcards
Females in what species have a separate external orifice for urinary and reproductive tracts?
Rodents
What renal changes are commonly seen with Aleutian disease in ferrets?
Membranous glomerulonephritis; lymphoplasmacytic inflammatory infiltrate in interstitium
What renal changes are seen with systemic coronavirus in ferrets?
Granulomatous inflammation
What is the most common renal neoplasm in ferrets?
Malignant lymphoma
What group of ferrets has an increased risk of developing sterile struvite urolithiasis?
Neutered males
What are the most common reported causes of renal disease in rabbits?
Encephalitozoonosis, chronic renal failure, urolithiasis
What signs occur with E cuniculi-associated renal disease?
PU/PD, decreased appetite, weight loss, dehydration, lethargy; can be occult as well
What lesions can be seen in rabbits with end-stage kidney disease?
Gross scarring and marked interstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis histologically
What makes up the majority of uroliths and urinary sludge in rabbits?
Calcium carbonate
What is the typical appearance of bladder herniation in a male rabbit?
The presence of a fluid-filled mass in the scrotum with no palpable bladder in the abdomen
What are two strategies for managing urinary sludge in rabbits?
- Encouraging water consumption and exercise
- Dietary modification
What 3 diseases have been linked to insufficient water intake in guinea pigs?
Cystitis, urolithiasis, obstipation
What is the most common causative agent of cystitis in female guinea pigs?
Escherichia coli
Exposure to what nutrient in excess can lead to renal mineralization in guinea pigs?
Vitamin D (feeding commercial diet with errors in formulation OR feeding a rodent diet)
What characteristic of herbivore urine complicates dietary modification efforts to reduce urolith formation?
An alkaline pH
What is the most common problem seen in hamster kidneys?
Amyloidosis
What nematode can infect the epithelial mucosa of the renal pelvis and urinary bladder of rats (and pass eggs in the urine)?
Trichosomoides crassicauda (typically asymptomatic)
What is the most common renal disease in rats?
chronic progressive nephropathy or ‘old rat’ nephropathy
Unlike rabbits and guinea pigs, chinchillas excrete nearly 80% of this mineral via feces?
Excessive calcium