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ABVP ECM Boards > Myomorph rodents > Flashcards

Myomorph rodents Flashcards

1
Q

Which rodent species are born altricial and hairless?

A

Rats, mice, hamsters, and gerbils

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2
Q

What is the gestation length in rats?

A

21 to 23 days

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3
Q

At what age should male rats be separated from female to prevent pregnancy?

A

5 weeks of age

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4
Q

What is the gestation length in mice?

A

19-21 days

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5
Q

What is the gestation length in hamsters?

A

15-20 days depending on species

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6
Q

What is the gestation length in gerbils?

A

24-27 days

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7
Q

Which hamster species are solitary and should be housed alone?

A

Syrian and Chinese hamsters (remainder of hamsters, as well as gerbils should be housed together)

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8
Q

Newly weaned rats present with anorexia, emaciation, mucoid/bloody diarrhea and sudden death. On PM, hepatitis and myocardial lesions are noted. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Enterococcal/Streptococcal enteropathy
B. Rat rotavirus
C. Tyzzer’s disease (Clostridium piliforme)

A

C is correct
A causes diarrhea/death in nursing rat pups.
B is the cause of diarrhea in infant rats (<2 wks of age), but rare mortality; rare/unlikely to be seen in pet rats

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9
Q

What should pinworms in rats be treated with?

A

Fenbendazole (topical selamectin ineffective)

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10
Q

Which is not a route of spread for salmonellosis among mice?
A. Wild rodents
B. Contamination of food/water
C. Placental transmission

A

C (as far as I know!)

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11
Q

What is the cause of necrotizing enteritis in weaned mice (and paraplegia/death in 2-3 wk old mice)?

A

Clostridium perfringens

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12
Q

What is the cause of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia and what are the clinical signs?

A

Citrobacter rodentium; Diarrhea, rectal prolapse, death in nursing/recently weaned mice

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13
Q

What is the difference in presentation for mouse rotavirus vs. intestinal coronavirus (mouse hepatitis)?

A

Mice with rota keep nursing and recover; intestinal coronavirus often leads to death

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14
Q

What is the causative agent of proliferative ileitis (or wet tail - although term used broadly by laypeople)? What age is most commonly affected?

A

Lawsonia intracellularis; weaning (3 wks) to 10 wks of age

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15
Q

How is proliferative ileitis in hamsters treated? and what is the prognosis?

A

Chloramphenicol or TMS, enro, tetracycline; guarded - often leads to death

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16
Q

How is Tyzzer’s treated in gerbils? What are clinical signs?

A

Tetracycline or chloramphenicol; lethargy, diarrhea, death, weight loss if chronic

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17
Q

What parasite can cause urolithiasis and pyelitis in rats 8-12 weeks of age?

A

Bladder threadworms - Trichomoides crassicauda

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18
Q

Pneumonia secondary to what pathogen is more severe in juvenile rats (vs increasing in severity with age)?
A. Mycoplasma pulmonis
B. Streptococcus pneumoniae
C. Bordatella bronchiseptica

A

B (Mycoplasma severity worsens w/age)

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19
Q

What is the cause of ringtail and what age/species is it observed in?

A

Annular constrictions on tail, potentially related to humidity levels; young, unweaned rats and occasionally mice; uncommon in pet rats

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20
Q

What organism can be asymptomatic or cause anorexia, rough coat, oculonasal discharge, cutaneous ulceration, and arthritis in nursing and weanling mice?

A

Corynebacterium kutscheri (C. bovis can cause derm lesions); Can be fatal in nursing pups, but weanlings tend to resolve

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21
Q

What can cause lymphoma affecting skin, lymph nodes, and abdominal organs throughout a previously unexposed hamster colony?

A

Hamster polyomavirus

22
Q

What condition causes conjunctivitis in unweaned rats and cervical salivary gland swelling in weaned and adult rats?

A

Sialodacryoadenitis (caused by a coronavirus)

23
Q

What two types of neoplasia can be reduced as a result of ovariectomy at <90 days of age in rats?

A

Subcutaneous (mammary) and pituitary tumors

24
Q

What are the benefits of flank ovariectomy in rats?

A

Smaller incisions, decreased risk of evisceration and less pain; also potentially less complications (but not statistically significant)

25
Q

What is the primary benefit to neutering male rats?

A

Decreased aggression (more effective if done young), also can prevent development of urethral plugs

26
Q

What is the most common spontaneous tumor in mice and how does it behave?

A

Mammary tumors, usually malignant and often viral induced, invasive, highly metastatic and carry poor prognosis

27
Q

What are the top 2 systems affected by neoplasia in hamsters?

A

Integumentary and hematopoietic tumors

28
Q

What is cabergoline’s MOA and when is it used?

A

Prolactin inhibitor; suppresses pituitary prolactin secretion; used w/pituitary adenomas in rats - may help reduce risk of mammary neoplasia development

29
Q

What population is chronic progressive nephrosis/nephropathy more frequently diagnosed in?

A

Aged male rats (also generally more severe in males)

30
Q

What is the most common cause of posterior weakness or tail dragging in rats?

A

Radiculoneuropathy

31
Q

How can radiculoneuropathy in rats be treated?

A

B complex SQ/IM injection and NSAIDs appear to decrease symptoms

32
Q

What is the likely underlying cause of mammary tumors in mice?

A

Mouse mammary tumor virus

33
Q

What increases the risk of atrial thrombosis in male Syrian hamsters?

A

Castration

34
Q

What is the most common tumor type in Syrian hamsters?

A

Adrenocortical neoplasia

35
Q

What is the most frequently diagnosed neoplasm of the hematopoietic system in Syrian hamsters?

A

Lymphoma

36
Q

A male hamster with bilateral symmetric alopecia of the flanks and lateral thighs, thin/hyperpigmented skin, PU/PD and polyphagia likely has what diagnosis and how can it be treated?

A

Hyperadrenocorticism. No successful tx to date.

37
Q

What is the most common signalment of rats presenting with mammary neoplasia?

A

Females, 1+ yrs of age, typically intact

38
Q

Which rodent species is prone to diabetic cataracts?

A

Chinese hamsters (Cricetulus griseus)

39
Q

Which rodent species may develop idiopathic glaucoma?

A

Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus songurus cambelli)

40
Q

Which rodent species is at higher risk for traumatic ocular injury if not housed alone?

A

Syrian hamsters (Mesocrecitus auratus)

41
Q

What rodent species are prone to epilepsy and how should it be treated?

A

Gerbils (young, severity often diminishes w/time)
Continued anticonvulsant therapy not indicated

42
Q

What is the difference between hibernation and torpor?

A

Torpor is a state of physical/mental dormancy lasting <24 hour; Hibernation is a prolonged state of torpor

43
Q

List 4 triggers for torpor in hamsters:

A
  1. Shorter photoperiod
  2. Low ambient temp (<46*F)
  3. Inadequate food
  4. Gonadectomy
44
Q

What species have cheek pouches?

A

Hamsters only!

45
Q

How common are ovarian cysts in gerbils?

A

Very common - 47% of females >400 days

46
Q

What signalment of rodent most likely to present w/ cushing’s disease?

A

Hamsters >1.5 years of age

47
Q

What is the most likely underlying cause of lymphoma in a young hamster (especially if littermates affected)?

A

Hamster polyomavirus infection

48
Q

What respiratory disease common in aged mice often occurs after other pulmonary diseases and causes interstitial to alveolar macrophages and crystals?

A

Eosinophilic crystalline pneumonia (ECP)

49
Q

What is the gross appearance of rat kidneys affected by chronic progressive nephropathy?

A

Shrunken/pale kidneys, tan to pale brown with a pitted to cystic surface

50
Q

What makes rats particularly susceptible to infectious agents spread between the heart, pulmonary veins and lungs?

A

Cardiac striated muscle extends to lung tissue

51
Q

What are the 3 tear-producing glands in rats and mice?

A

Harderian, intraorbital, extraorbital

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