Urinary System Flashcards
Kidneys
Involved in homeostasis
Removal of waste products
Filter blood, remove substances, control conc of water and solutes
Homeostasis
Keep internal environment constant
Osmoregulation
Keep water and salt content of internal environment constant
Excretion
Process by which waste products of metabolism are removed
Nitrogenous waste
Ultrafiltration
Glomerulus and bowmans capsule filter on size
Water, glucose, salts, urea, used hormones removed
Selective reabsorción
Useful molecules reabsorbed
Water, glucose, ions
ADH
Too much water
Dilute blood to brain Hypothalamus monitors water Less ADH in blood to kidneys Kidney takes less water out of urine Water lost
ADH
Too little water
Con blood to brain Hypothalamus monitors water More ADH made by pituitary Kidney takes more water out of urine Water saved
Dialysis
No surgery Immediate Time consuming Not permanent Not very effective Regular needle insertion
Transplant
Long term solution Super effective Donor finding takes time Tissue typing Immunosuppressant drugs Major surgery
Control of blood glucose
Pancreas monitors blood sugar level
Too high, insulin released
Glucose, glycogen
Too low, glucagon released
Glycogen, glucose
Glycogen stored in liver and muscle. Excess, fat
Diabetes
Not enough, or any insulin produced
Cells do not respond to insulin
Type 1
Early onset
Injections
Not tablet, protein digested
Watch diet
Type 2
Late onset
Diet controlled
Tablets to aid cell response to insulin
Risks of diabetes
BS too high, fatal
Monitor BS
