Ecology

Question 1

Habitat

Answer 1

The place where an organism lives

E.g., a field

Question 2

Population

Answer 2

All organisms living in a certain area

Question 3

Community

Answer 3

All different species in a habitat

Question 4

Ecosystem

Answer 4

All organisms living in a particular area and all abiotic conditions
E.g., temperature

Question 5

Plants compete for

Answer 5

Space
Light
Minerals
Water

Question 6

Animals compete for

Answer 6

Good
Water
Mates

Question 7

Intraspecific competition

Answer 7

Competition between organisms of the same species

Question 8

Interspecific competition

Answer 8

Competition between organisms of different species

Question 9

Community

Answer 9

A group of organisms of different species interacting with each other in the same habitat

Question 10

Food chain

Answer 10

Shows what is eaten by what in an ecosystem
Starts from a producer, produce energy from the sun
Eaten by primary consumer
All consumers eaten by decomposes
Each stage, trophies level

Question 11

Food pyramid

Answer 11

Bar shows number of organisms at each stage of food chain

Question 12

Food webs

Answer 12

Gives a better presentation of many interactions of many organisms

Question 13

Why is <1% of the sun’s energy used by plants

Answer 13

Can only use visible light
Red, blue wavelengths 
Green is the worst
Light does not fall onto leaves
Light reflected off leaf

Question 14

What do plants use energy for

Answer 14

Used to move substances
Respiration
Reproduce and seed flowers fruit lost from plant

Question 15

What do animals use energy for

Answer 15

Maintain body temp
Active transport
Chemical reactions

Question 16

Sampling techniques

Answer 16

Select an area by laying out 2 tape measures 10m x 10m at 90 degrees
Use random numbers as coordinates for where to place the quadrat
Count number of species in the quadrat
If species are under quadrat, count the ones under the bottom and left hand side
Scale up answer to estimate total number or biomass for whole area

Question 17

Belt transect

Answer 17

Looks at effect of a change in the environment

Systematic sampling