Urinary System Flashcards
Renal cysts
Thin walled fluid filled structures
Mostly in renal tubules
Which diseases are congenital forms of renal cysts seen?
Polycystic disease or renal dysplasia
Autosomal polycystic kidney disease (PKD)
Autosomal dominant, progressive
Multiple fluid filled cysts in kidney, liver and pancreas
Breeds affected by PKD
Felines: Persians* and Himalayans
Canines: bull terriers
Causes of PKD
Combination of one or more gene mutations
Polycystin-1 and polycystin-2 mutations
Loss of polycytsin-1 from its basolateral location
Glomerulus disease
Immune complex glomeruonephritis and amyloides
Sequela of systemic immune mediated, infectious or neoplastic disease
Renal amyloidosis
Produced after proteolysis of amyloidgenic proteins
Types: amyloid-light chain (plasma cell myeloma) and reactive (chronic inflamm. or neoplastic disease)
CS of renal amyloidiosis
Renal insufficiency, proteinuria
First glomerular then tubular
Hereditary predisposition of renal amyloidosis
Abyssinians and Chinese Shar-Pei
Gross staining to renal amyloidosis
With Lugol’s Stain: red brown stain of glomeruli
Added diluted sulfuric acid: purple
Embolic Glomerulitis
Bacterial or suppurative glomerunephritis
Secondary to bacteremia
What can cause embolic glomerulitis
Neonatal Septicemia- Actinobacillus equuli (Equine)
White Spotted kidney - E. coli (bovine)
Neonatal septicemia
Shigellosis or Nave ill of foals
Starts as an umbilical infection
Lesions associated with neonatal septicemia
Bacteria shower from umbilicus entrapped in glomeruli
Neutros= small pockets of pus
Microabscesses in kidney and lungs
Actinobacillus equuli Infection of foals
Joints: fibrinopurulent polyarthritis and polysynovitis
Multifocal microabscesses in the interstitium in association with small vessels
Viral glomerulitis
Acute condition that replicated in capillary endothelium
Lesions: pinpoitnt red dots (glomeruli visible), swollen kidney
Which diseases are associated with viral glomerulitis?
K9 herpesvirus
K9 adenovirus
Hog cholera virus
all produce turkey egg kidneys
Canine herpesvirus
Fading Puppy Syndrome (young puppies)
Focal necrosis and hemorrhage
Turkey egg kidneys
Hemoglobinuria
Due to Hb secondary to intravascular hemolysis
Which diseases cause hemoglobinuria
Chronic copper toxicity in sheep
Leptospirosis or babesiosis in cattle
Red maple toxicity in horses
Babesiosis or autoimmune hemolytic anemia in dogs
Myoglobinuria
Seen with acute rhabdomyolysis
From direct trauma or over excessive exercise (Monday morning disease)
Diseases causing myoglobinuria
Equine exertional rhabdomyolysis
Capture myopathy of exotic or wild animals rhabdomyolysis
_____________ causes tubular damage (accumulates in proximal tubular epithelial cells)
Aminoglycosides (neomycin)
Ethylene glycol (anti-freeze)
Leads to formation of calcium oxalate crystals
CNS then acute renal failure
Causes tubular necrosis by direct contact
