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.pathology > Integument 1 > Flashcards

Integument 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Hair follicle growth stages

A

Anagen: mitotic, growth
Catagen: cell-proliferation
Telogen: resting
Exogen: old hair shed

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2
Q

Epidermal response to injury

A

Hyperplasia
Hyperkeratosis
Edema
Acantholysis
Inflammation

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3
Q

Dermal responses to injury

A

Pigmentary incontinence
Edema
Inflammation

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4
Q

Acanthosis (epidermal hyperplasia)

A

↑ # of cells in the epidermis (S. spinosum)
Rete ridge formation

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5
Q

Hyperkeratosis

A

↑ thickness of S. corneum
Digital pads and planum nasale
Orthokeratosis or Parakeratosis

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6
Q

Orthokeratosis (hyperkeratosis)

A

Squamous epithelium anuclear

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7
Q

Parakeratosis (hyperkeratosis)

A

Squamous epithelium have nuclei
Zinc responsive dermatosis and hepatocutaneous syndrome

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8
Q

Epidermal/ intercellular edema

A

Spongiosis
Widening of the intercellular spaces with more prominent intercellular bridges

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9
Q

Epidermal/ intracellular edema cell effects

A

↑ size, cytoplasmic pallor, displacement of the nucleus to the periphery
Severe= Intraepidermal vesicles

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10
Q

Acantholysis

A

Separation of the keratinocytes due to damage to the desmosomes (intercellular bridges)
Loss of cohesion between epidermal cells → clefts, vesicles, bullae

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11
Q

Free epidermal cells in the vesicles are called …

A

Acantholytic cells or acanthocytes

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12
Q

Microvesicles, vesicles, and bullae

A

Mico and macroscopic fluid- filled, acellular spaces within or below the dermis (lined by epith. cells)
Blisters

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13
Q

Subcorneal vesicle

A

S. corneum forms the roof of the vesicle
Impetigo or pemphigus foliaceous

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14
Q

Suprabasal vesicle

A

S. spinosum forms the roof
Pemphigus vulgaris

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15
Q

Supraepidermal vesicle

A

Entire epidermis separates from the dermis and forms the roof
Bullous pemphigoid or thermal burns

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16
Q

Hyperpigmentation (lentigo)

A

Hypermelanosis= ↑ in the number of melanocytes confined to epidermis
Focal, diffuse, confined to S. basale or throughout epidermal layers

17
Q

Where is lentigo found?

A

Non-dx finding in chronic inflamm. and hormonal dermatoses
Developmental neoplastic disorders

18
Q

Hypopigmentation

A

Hypomelanosis
↓ amounts of melanin in the epidermis
Copper deficiency

19
Q

Pustule (microabscess)

A

Accumulation of inflamm. In the epidermis
Bacteria: generate neutros and coccoid bacteria (subcorneal)
Ectoparasite: eosins

20
Q

Pigmentary Incontinence

A

Loss of melatonin from the basal layer due to damage and accumulation of macros in the superficial dermis
Nonspecific

21
Q

Another name for Pigmentary incontinence

A

Lupus erythematosus or vitiligo

22
Q

Gross characteristics of dermal edema

A

Gelatinous
Shiny

23
Q

Microscopic characteristics of dermal edema

A

Dilated lymphatics
Widened spaces between BVs and perivascular or dermal collagen

24
Q

Congenital disorders

A

Develop in fetus, present @ birth

25
Q

Hereditary disorders

A

Transmitted genetically, may not be present @ birth or utero but develop later

26
Q

Leukotrichia

A

Decreased pigmentation of the hair

27
Q

Leukoderma

A

Decreased pigmentation of the skin

28
Q

Congenital alopecia

A

Atrichia- absence of hair from the skin that’s usually haired
Sphinx cat

29
Q

Hypotrichosis

A

Less than normal amount of hair
Sphinx cat

30
Q

Collagen dysplasia

A

Dermatosparaxis, cutaneous asthenia
Abnormal synthesis of processing of collagen —> collagen with ↓ tensile strength

31
Q

CS of collagen dysplasia

A

Skin tears easily
Hyperextensible
Loose skin

32
Q

Histo lesions of collagen dysplasia

A

Collagen bundles vary in size and shape
Separated by wide spaces
Haphazard arrangement

33
Q

Epitheliogenesis imperfecta

A

Aplasia cutis
Failure of stratified squamous epithelium of skin, adnexa or oral mucosa to develop completely
Death from dehydration or infection

.pathology (20 decks)

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