Integument 1

Question 1

Hair follicle growth stages

Answer 1

Anagen: mitotic, growth
Catagen: cell-proliferation
Telogen: resting
Exogen: old hair shed

Question 2

Epidermal response to injury

Answer 2

Hyperplasia
Hyperkeratosis
Edema
Acantholysis
Inflammation

Question 3

Dermal responses to injury

Answer 3

Pigmentary incontinence
Edema
Inflammation

Question 4

Acanthosis (epidermal hyperplasia)

Answer 4

↑ # of cells in the epidermis (S. spinosum)
Rete ridge formation

Question 5

Hyperkeratosis

Answer 5

↑ thickness of S. corneum
Digital pads and planum nasale
Orthokeratosis or Parakeratosis

Question 6

Orthokeratosis (hyperkeratosis)

Answer 6

Squamous epithelium anuclear

Question 7

Parakeratosis (hyperkeratosis)

Answer 7

Squamous epithelium have nuclei
Zinc responsive dermatosis and hepatocutaneous syndrome

Question 8

Epidermal/ intercellular edema

Answer 8

Spongiosis
Widening of the intercellular spaces with more prominent intercellular bridges

Question 9

Epidermal/ intracellular edema cell effects

Answer 9

↑ size, cytoplasmic pallor, displacement of the nucleus to the periphery
Severe= Intraepidermal vesicles

Question 10

Acantholysis

Answer 10

Separation of the keratinocytes due to damage to the desmosomes (intercellular bridges)
Loss of cohesion between epidermal cells → clefts, vesicles, bullae

Question 11

Free epidermal cells in the vesicles are called …

Answer 11

Acantholytic cells or acanthocytes

Question 12

Microvesicles, vesicles, and bullae

Answer 12

Mico and macroscopic fluid- filled, acellular spaces within or below the dermis (lined by epith. cells)
Blisters

Question 13

Subcorneal vesicle

Answer 13

S. corneum forms the roof of the vesicle
Impetigo or pemphigus foliaceous

Question 14

Suprabasal vesicle

Answer 14

S. spinosum forms the roof
Pemphigus vulgaris

Question 15

Supraepidermal vesicle

Answer 15

Entire epidermis separates from the dermis and forms the roof
Bullous pemphigoid or thermal burns

Question 16

Hyperpigmentation (lentigo)

Answer 16

Hypermelanosis= ↑ in the number of melanocytes confined to epidermis
Focal, diffuse, confined to S. basale or throughout epidermal layers

Question 17

Where is lentigo found?

Answer 17

Non-dx finding in chronic inflamm. and hormonal dermatoses
Developmental neoplastic disorders

Question 18

Hypopigmentation

Answer 18

Hypomelanosis
↓ amounts of melanin in the epidermis
Copper deficiency

Question 19

Pustule (microabscess)

Answer 19

Accumulation of inflamm. In the epidermis
Bacteria: generate neutros and coccoid bacteria (subcorneal)
Ectoparasite: eosins

Question 20

Pigmentary Incontinence

Answer 20

Loss of melatonin from the basal layer due to damage and accumulation of macros in the superficial dermis
Nonspecific

Question 21

Another name for Pigmentary incontinence

Answer 21

Lupus erythematosus or vitiligo

Question 22

Gross characteristics of dermal edema

Answer 22

Gelatinous
Shiny

Question 23

Microscopic characteristics of dermal edema

Answer 23

Dilated lymphatics
Widened spaces between BVs and perivascular or dermal collagen

Question 24

Congenital disorders

Answer 24

Develop in fetus, present @ birth

Question 25

Hereditary disorders

Answer 25

Transmitted genetically, may not be present @ birth or utero but develop later

Question 26

Leukotrichia

Answer 26

Decreased pigmentation of the hair

Question 27

Leukoderma

Answer 27

Decreased pigmentation of the skin

Question 28

Congenital alopecia

Answer 28

Atrichia- absence of hair from the skin that’s usually haired Sphinx cat

Question 29

Hypotrichosis

Answer 29

Less than normal amount of hair Sphinx cat

Question 30

Collagen dysplasia

Answer 30

Dermatosparaxis, cutaneous asthenia Abnormal synthesis of processing of collagen —> collagen with ↓ tensile strength

Question 31

CS of collagen dysplasia

Answer 31

Skin tears easily Hyperextensible Loose skin

Question 32

Histo lesions of collagen dysplasia

Answer 32

Collagen bundles vary in size and shape Separated by wide spaces Haphazard arrangement

Question 33

Epitheliogenesis imperfecta

Answer 33

Aplasia cutis Failure of stratified squamous epithelium of skin, adnexa or oral mucosa to develop completely Death from dehydration or infection