Urinary: Perfusion/Vascular Flashcards

1
Q

Hypertension s/p renal biopsy

A

Page kidney (hypertension secondary to a sub capsular hematoma compressing the kidney)

Note: This occurs because the renal capsule does not expand.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Delayed vs persistent nephrogram

A

A delayed nephrogram usually only affects one kidney (due to pressure: obstruction, sub capsular hematoma, renal vein thrombosis, etc.)

A persistent nephrogram is usually bilateral and can persist for hours (seen with hypotension/shock and acute tubular necrosis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Wedge shaped renal hypodensity…

A
  • Think renal infarction (if there is a rim of cortical enhancement)
  • Think pyelonephritis (if hypodensity extends through the cortex to the edge, no “cortical rim” sign)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cortical rim sign

A

A rim of enhancing tissue peripheral to a wedge-shaped renal hypodensity, suggesting infarction rather than pyelonephritis (due to the dual blood supply of the cortex)

Note: The cortical rim sign takes 8 hours-multiple days to show up and will not be present immediately after infarction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Reversed diastolic flow in the renal artery and absent venous flow…

A

Renal vein thrombosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Common causes of renal vein thrombosis

A
  • Nephrotic syndrome (most common in adults)
  • Dehydration
  • Indwelling umbilical venous catheters (neonates)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CT findings of renal vein thrombosis

A

Unilateral enlarged kidney with a delayed nephrogram

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
A

Acute cortical necrosis

Note: Relative hypodensity of the renal cortex (“reverse cortical rim” sign).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Common causes of acute cortical necrosis

A

Severe hypovolemia:

  • Shock
  • Intravascular hemolysis
  • OBGYN complications (e.g. placental abruption)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly