Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Core > Reproductive: Miscellaneous Male > Flashcards

Reproductive: Miscellaneous Male Flashcards

1
Q
A

Calcified vas deferens

Note: Common in diabetic pts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q
A

Calcified vas deferens and seminal vesicles

Note: Common in diabetic pts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q
A

Prostatic utricle cyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Differential for midline pelvic cyst in a male

A
  • Prostatic utricle cyst
  • Müllerian duct cyst
  • Ejaculatory duct cyst
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Differential for off-midline pelvic cyst in a male

A
  • Seminal vesicle cyst
  • Diverticulosis of the ampulla of vas deferens
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Male

A

Seminal vesicle cyst

Note: Off-midline pelvic cyst in a male.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Congenital seminal vesicle cysts are associated with…

A
  • Polycystic kidney disease
  • Renal agenesis
  • Vas deferens agenesis
  • Ectopic ureter insertion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Common causes of acquired seminal vesicle cysts

A
  • Prostatic hypertrophy
  • Chronic infection/scarring

Note: Classic history is prior prostate surgery.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
A

Seminal vesicle cyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Prostatic utricle cyst

A

Cystic dilatation of the prostatic utricle (a midline structure in the prostatic urethra that is a remnant of the Müllerian duct)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Prostatic utricle cysts are associated with…

A
  • Hypospadias
  • Unilateral renal agenesis
  • Prune belly syndrome
  • Downs syndrome
  • Imperforate anus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Retrograde cystourethrogram

A

Prostatic utricle cyst

Note: Focal posterior outpouching of the prostatic urethra.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which type of male pelvic cyst communicated with the urethra?

A

Prostatic utricle cyst

Note: This is why these cysts are at an increased risk for superinfection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the most common association with a prostatic utricle cyst?

A

Hypospadias (urethral opening along the ventral penis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Male

A

Müllerian duct cyst

Note: This is due to failed regression of the caudal ends of the Müllerian ducts (in the region of what would be the cervix/vagina).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Does a Müllerian duct cyst communicate with the urethra?

A

No

Note: The Müllerian duct cyst is basically a vagina/cervix that failed to fully regress in a male.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q
A

Müllerian duct cyst

Note: Prostatic utricle cysts do not extend above the base (superior extent) of the prostate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How can you tell the difference between a prostatic utricle cyst and a Müllerian duct cyst?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Do prostatic utricle or Müllerian duct cysts carry a risk of malignancy?

A

Yes, but very small (mostly just case reports)

Note: These can be many different types of cancer (e.g. endometrial, clear cell, squamous, etc.)

20
Q
A

Think prostate abscess

Note: Thick-walled, separated, heterogenous cystic lesions in the prostate.

21
Q

What is the most common pathogen in a prostatic abscess?

A

E. coli

22
Q
A

Think prostate abscess

23
Q

Left scrotal pain

A

Left testicular torsion

Note: Painful side is hypoechoic (edematous) and hypovascular.

24
Q
A

Absent diastolic flow in the left testis, think about torsion

Note: The testes are like the brain, requiring constant bloodflow even in diastole.

25
Q

Testicular artery spectral doppler findings of testicular torsion

A
  • Decreased or reversed diastolic flow
  • Elevated resistive index
26
Q

Spectral doppler of testicular artery

A

Normal

Note: There is constant forward flow, even in diastole (velocities are never at or below baseline)

27
Q

Spectral doppler of testicular artery

A

Loss of diastolic flow, suspicious for torsion

28
Q

Spectral doppler of testicular artery

A

Reversal of diastolic flow, suspicious for torsion

29
Q

Spectral doppler of testicular artery

A

Monophasic flow without dicrotic notch, suspicious for torsion

30
Q

Bell-clapper deformity

A

An abnormally high attachment of the tunica vaginalis that increases testicular mobility and predisposes to testicular torsion (usually a bilateral deformity)

Note: If a pt with a bell-clapper deformity gets torsion, they will usually perform bilateral orchiopexy (due to increased risk for additional torsions).

31
Q

How quickly should a pt with testicular torsion get to the OR?

A

Ideally within 6 hours to have the best chance of preserving testis viability

32
Q

Differential for testicular hyperemia (e.g. decreased resistive index, increased diastolic flow, etc)

A
  • Epididymo-orchitis (painful)
  • Testicular torsion-detorsion (usually pain has resolved)
33
Q

What is the most common cause of acute onset scrotal pain?

A

Epididymitis

34
Q

Common pathogens in epididymitis

A
  • Gonorrhea/chlamydia (sexually active)
  • E. coli (not sexually active, from urinary source)
35
Q

What is the most common location for epididymitis?

A

Epididymal tail

Note: This is where infection starts, later spreading to the body then head and possible testis.

36
Q

Isolated orchitis (without epididymitis)…

A

Think mumps or tuberculosis

Note: Scrotal tuberculosis usually starts as epididymitis, but can also cause orchitis first, then epididymitis.

37
Q
A

Think miliary tuberculosis

Note: Multiple hypoechoic nodules in an enlarged/hyperemic testis.

38
Q

Testicular artery spectral Doppler in a pt with worsening pain in the setting of known orchitis

A

Impending infarction (due to vascular compromise from severe testicular edema, think of as a compartment syndrome)

Note: Loss/reversal of diastolic flow in the testicular artery should make you think torsion or “impending infarction” if there is known orchitis.

39
Q

Treatment for testicular rupture

A

Surgery

40
Q

Treatment for testicular fracture

A

Medical management (no surgery)

41
Q

Testicular fracture vs rupture

A

Testicular fracture is a linear break in the testis within the tunica albuginea (which is intact)

Testicular rupture is when the tunica albuginea is disrupted

42
Q

Scrotal trauma

A

Think testicular fracture/hematoma (no evidence of tunica albuginea disruption)

43
Q

Scrotal trauma

A

Testicular rupture

Note: Disruption of the tunica albuginea.

44
Q

Arrow (curvilinear echogenicity)

A

Tunica albuginea

45
Q

Arrowheads

A

Tunica vaginalis (parietal and visceral)

Core (98 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions