Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

RAD > Urinary Info > Flashcards

Urinary Info Flashcards

1
Q

what is the urinary system known as?

A

Excretory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is included in the urinary system?

A
  • Two kidneys
  • Two ureters
  • Bladder
  • Urethra
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Whats the primary function of the urinary system?

A

The production of urine and its elimination from the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What shape are the kidneys?

A

Bean shaped

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the kidneys divided into?

A

Upper & lower poles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the lateral border of the kidney?

A

Convex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the medial border of the kidney?

A

Concave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The kidneys have a slightly _____ anterior and posterior surfaces

A

Convex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The left kidney is _______ than the right kidney

A

slightly longer and narrower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The kidney is ______ long, _____ wide, and ____ thick

A
  • 4 1/2”
  • 2-3”
  • 1 1/4”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The right kidney is _____ than the left kidney

A

lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

why is the right kidney lower than the left?

A

Due to the presence of the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does retro mean?

A

backwards

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where are retroperitoneal structures located?

A

Behind the peritoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What structures are the kidneys?

A

retroperitoneal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What plane do the kidneys lie in?

A

Oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How many degrees is the kidneys located?

A

30 degrees anteriorly toward the aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What views do we perform when imaging the kidneys?

A

30 degree oblique views

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where do the kidney lie in sthenic patients?

A

Level of superior border of T12 to the level of transverse processes of L3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where do the kidneys lie in hypersthenic patients?

A

Higher than the Level of superior border of T12 to the level of transverse processes of L3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where do the kidneys lie in asthenic patients?

A

Lower than the level of superior border of T12 to the level of transverse processes of L3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What body habitus do patients have when their kidneys lie lower?

A

Asthenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What body habitus do patients have when their kidneys lie higher?

A

Hypersthenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the renal capsule?

A

Semitransparent outer covering of the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the adipose capsule?

A

Mass of fatty tissue that the kidney is embedded in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the renal fascia?

A

Sheath of superficial fascia that envelops the capsule and kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the renal fascia attached to?

A
  • Diaphragm
  • Limbar vertebrae
  • Other adjacent structures
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What part of the kidney is attached to the diaphragm, lumbar vertebrae, and other adjacent structures?

A

Renal fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What position are the kidneys supported in?

A

fairly fixed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

How much do the kidneys move during respiratory movement?

A

1”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

The kidneys move 1” during what type of movement?

A

Respiratory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

How many inches do the kidneys drop when changing from supine to upright position?

A

2”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Why do the kidneys drop 2”?

A

When changing positions from supine to upright

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What part of the kidney is the semitransparent outer covering of the kidney?

A

Renal capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What part of the kidney is a mass of fatty tissue that the kidney is embedded in?

A

Adipose capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What part of the kidney is the sheath of superficial that envelops the capsule and kidney?

A

Renal fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What is the hilum of the kidney?

A

Longitudinal slit (fissure) in the medial border of the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What is the longitudinal slit (fissure) in the medial border of the kidney called?

A

Hilum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What is transmitted through the kidneys hilum?

A
  • Blood vessels
  • Lymphatic vessels
  • Nerves
  • Ureter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What does the hilum form when it expands into the body?

A

The renal sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

How is the renal sinus formed?

A

When the hilum expands into the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What is the renal sinus?

A

Fat-filled space surrounding the renal pelvis and vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What is the fat-filled space surrounding the renal pelvis and vessel called?

A

Renal sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What is the renal cortex?

A

The outer portion of the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What is the outer portion of the kidney called?

A

Renal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What is the renal medulla composed of?

A

8-15 conical masses (renal pyramids)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

Where does the renal medulla lie under?

A

The renal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What part of the kidney lies under the renal cortex?

A

Renal medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What part of the kidneys does the renal pyramids compose?

A

Renal medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What do the renal columns extend to?

A

The renal sinus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

How are the renal columns formed?

A

When the cortex periodically dips between the renal pyramids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What part of the kidney extends to the renal sinus?

A

Renal columns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

What part of the kidney is formed by the cortex periodically dips between the renal pyramids?

A

Renal columns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

What are the renal pyramids?

A

A collection of tubules that converge at an opening at the renal papilla and drains into the minor calyx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

What part of the kidney is A collection of tubules that converge at an opening at the renal papilla and drains into the minor calyx?

A

Renal pyramids

56
Q

What part of the kidney drains into the minor calyx?

A

Renal pyramid

57
Q

What does the renal pyramid drain into?

A

Minor calyx

58
Q

What are calyces?

A

Cup-shaped stems arising from the sides of the renal papilla

59
Q

What are the Cup-shaped stems arising from the sides of the renal papilla called?

A

Calyces

60
Q

How many minor calyces unite to form 2-3 major calyces?

A

4-13

61
Q

4-13 minor calyces can form _____ major calyces

A

2-3

62
Q

What part of the kidneys unites to form the renal pelvis?

A

Major calyces

63
Q

What do major calyces unite to form?

A

The renal pelvis

64
Q

What is the ureteropelvic junction?

A

The area where the renal pelvis transitions to the ureter

65
Q

What is the area where the renal pelvis transitions to the ureter called?

A

Ureteropelvic junction

66
Q

What is a nephron?

A

The structural and function unit of the kidney

67
Q

What is the structural and function unit of the kidney called?

A

Nephron

68
Q

How many nephrons does the kidney contain?

A

1 million

69
Q

What is the nephron composed of?

A

A renal corpuscle and a renal tubule

70
Q

What part of the kidney is composed of a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule?

A

Nephron

71
Q

How long are the ureters of a kidney?

A

10-12” long

72
Q

What is the diameter of the kidney ureters?

A

1 mm-1 cm

73
Q

What are the ureters 3 constricted points?

A
  • Ureteropelvic junction (UPJ)
  • Near the pelvic brim
  • Ureterovesical junction (UVJ)
74
Q

What is the ureterovesical junction?

A

Where the ureter joins the bladder

75
Q

What is the part of the ureter where the ureter joins the bladder called?

A

Ureterovesical junction (UVJ)

76
Q

Where do the ureter enter the bladder?

A

At the level of the ischial spine

77
Q

The ureters descend behind the ______ and in front of the _______

A
  • Peritoneum
  • Psoas muscles
78
Q

How do the ureters convey the urine from the renal pelvis to the bladder?

A

Using slow, rhythmic peristaltic contractions?

79
Q

What is the urinary bladder?

A

A musculomembranous sac that serves as a resevoir for urine

80
Q

What is the musculomembranous sac that serves as a resevoir for urine called?

A

Urinary bladder

81
Q

What is the neck of the urinary bladder?

A

The most fixed part of the bladder

82
Q

What is the most fixed part of the bladder called?

A

The neck

83
Q

What is the apex of the urinary bladder?

A

The anterosuperior aspect adjacent to the superior aspect of the pubic symphysis

84
Q

What is the anterosuperior aspect adjacent to the superior aspect of the pubic symphysis of the bladder called?

A

The apex

85
Q

Where is the urinary bladder situated in males?

A

Posterior and superior to the pubic symphysis and anterior to the rectum

86
Q

Where is the urinary bladder situated in females?

A

Posterior and superior to the pubic symphysis and anterior to the vaginal canal

87
Q

What does the urinary bladder vary depending on content?

A
  • Size
  • Shape
  • Position
88
Q

How much fluid can the adult bladder hold when full?

A

500 mL

89
Q

How much fluid is in the adult bladder when the urge for urination occurs?

A

250 mL

90
Q

The urinary bladder is _____ and is held in position by the _______

A
  • Freely moveable
  • Folds of the peritoneum
91
Q

Where is the bladder located when its empty?

A

The pelvic cavity

92
Q

What happens when the bladder is full?

A

Expands superiorly into the abdominal cavity

93
Q

Ureters enter the bladder on the ______ wall at the _______ margins of the _____ part of the _____

A
  • Posterior
  • Lateral
  • Superior
  • Base
94
Q

How far apart are the openings of the ureterovesical junction when the bladder is empty?

A

1” apart

95
Q

How far apart are the openings of the ureterovesical junction when the bladder is distended?

A

2” apart

96
Q

What is the internal urethral orfice?

A

The opening situated at the neck of the bladder which give rise to the urethra

97
Q

What is the opening situated at the neck of the bladder which give rise to the urethra called?

A

Internal urethral orfice

98
Q

What is the trigone?

A

The triangular area between the three orifices of the bladder

99
Q

What is the triangular area between the three orifices of the bladder called?

A

Trigone

100
Q

Muscle remains _______ over the trigone, while the remainder of the bladder contains _____, called _____, when its _____

A
  • Smooth
  • Folds
  • Rugae
  • Empty
101
Q

What is the urethra?

A

Narrow, musculomembranous tube that conveys urine out of the body

102
Q

What is the narrow, musculomembranous tube that conveys urine out of the body called?

A

Urethra

103
Q

Where does the urethra arise?

A

At the internal urethral orifice in the bladder

104
Q

How many inches do female urethras extend?

A

1 1/2”

105
Q

How many inches do male urethras extend?

A

7-8”

106
Q

What does the urethra pass along in females

A

The anterior wall of the vagina to the external urethral orifice

107
Q

How many parts is the male urethra divided into?

A

3

108
Q

What parts is the male urethra divided into?

A
  • Prostatic portion
  • Membranous portion
  • Spongy portion
109
Q

What does the spongy portion extend to in males?

A

From the pelvic floor to the external urethral orifice

110
Q

How long is the membranous portion in males?

A

1/2” long

111
Q

How long is the prostatic portion in males?

A

1” long

112
Q

What is the prostatic portion surrounded by in males?

A

The prostate gland

113
Q

What is a urogram?

A

A general term to classify the radiographic imaging of the renal drainage or collecting system

114
Q

What is the general term to classify the radiographic imaging of the renal drainage or collecting system?

A

Urogram

115
Q

What is a urogram divided into?

A

Antegrade filling techniques and retrograde filling techniques

116
Q

What is antegrade filling of the kidneys?

A

When contrast media enters the kidneys in the normal direction of blood flow

117
Q

How is antegrade filling administered?

A

Intravenously through a superficial vein in the arm

118
Q

What is the technique for antegrade filling called?

A

Excretory or intravenous urography (IVU)

119
Q

What filling technique is excretory or intravenous urography (IVU) for?

A

Antegrade

120
Q

What is intravenous urography?

A

A study of all parts of the urinary system

121
Q

What is the study of all parts of the urinary system called?

A

Intravenous urography (IVU)

122
Q

What is another term for intravenous urography (IVU)?

A

Intravenous pyelogram (IVP)

123
Q

what is intravenous pyelogram (IVP) another term for?

A

Intravenous urography (IVU)

124
Q

What is an intravenous pyelogram (IVP)?

A

The study of the renal pelvis and calyces (Pyelogram)

125
Q

What is the study of the renal pelvis and calyces (Pyelogram) called?

A

Intravenous pyelogram

126
Q

What is retrograde filling?

A

Contrast media thats introduced against normal flow

127
Q

How is retrograde filling administered?

A

Urethral catherization

128
Q

What is the technique for retrograde filling called?

A

Retrograde urography

129
Q

What is cystography?

A

examination of the bladder

130
Q

What is the examination of the bladder called?

A

Cystography

131
Q

What is cystoureterography?

A

Exam of the bladder and the low ureters

132
Q

What is the exam of the bladder and the low ureters called?

A

Cystoureterography

133
Q

What is cystourethrography?

A

Exam of the bladder and urethra

134
Q

What is the exam of the bladder and urethra called?

A

Cystourethrography

135
Q

What is a voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)?

A

The act of voiding the bladder is observed

136
Q

What is the act of voiding the bladder is observed called?

A

Voiding cystourethrogram

137
Q
A

RAD (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions