Urinary Drugs Flashcards
Which diuretic type acts on the loop of Henle? What drug?
Loop diuretics, Furosemide
What does Furosemide block the reabsorption of?
Blocks reabsorption of chloride, K, Ca, H, Mg, and bicarbonate
Name a potassium sparing diuretic drug
Spironolactone
What does Spironolactone act on, and what does it help excrete? What does it retain?
Acts on the DCT to promote Na and water excretion, potassium retention (spares potassium).
Which condition should potassium sparing diuretics not be used?
Hypoadrenocorticism
What are 2 adverse effects of Spironolactone?
Endocrine issues (aldosterone blocker) and hyperkalemia
How do Thiazides work? What does it help excrete?
Act on the DCT, blocks sodium reabsorption, promote chloride excretion. Produces diuresis in all animals
What are adverse effects of Thiazides?
Hypokalemia and cardiac dysfunction
Name a thiazide drug
Hydrochlorothiazide
What do carbonic anhydrase inhibitors do to urine and eye pressure?
Causes alkaline urine, and reduces intraocular pressure
Name 2 carbonic anhydrase inhibitor drugs
Acetazolamide
Dichlorphenamide
How are struvite stones treated?
With antibiotics and acidifiers
What is the most common uroliths in cats?
Calcium oxalate
How do osmotic diuretics work? What do they help excrete?
Increase concentration of filtrate in renal tubules, results in excretion of Na, K, chloride, and water.
What are osmotic diuretics used for?
Prevent kidney failure, decrease intracranial and intraocular pressure
Name an osmotic diuretic drug and its adverse effects
Mannitol, adverse effects are vomiting and electrolyte imbalance
What do phosphate binders do?
Bind to phosphorus to reduce the amount absorbed in the intestines
Name a phosphate binder drug
Aluminum hydroxide, avoid those containing Ca
Name a urinary acidifier
Methionine
Name a urinary alkalizer
Potassium citrate
What do urinary alkalizers treat?
Urate uroliths and Calcium oxalate cysteine uroliths
What drug can be used to treat neurologically caused incontinence?
Propantheline, an anticholinergic
What drug treats dysuria in dogs with prostatic cancer?
Prazosin
What drug is used to treat non neurological incontinence?
Pseudoephedrine
Which drug causes the most diuresis?
Furosemide
