Anti parasitic Drugs Flashcards
What is the most common target of antiparasitics?
Nervous system
Why use oral?
Allows more control over amount of drug given, except feed additives which allow little control
What are topical pour ons and spot ons?
Pour ons are for internal and external parasites, spot ons are used in dogs and cats
Name a benzimidazole drug
Fenbendazole
Name an Imidazothiazole drug
Levamisole
What is levimasole used for?
Kill nematodes
Name 2 tetrahydropyrimidines and what they do
Pyrantel pomoate/ pyrantel tartrate
Mimics action of Ach, causing paralysis
Kills nematodes
Name 2 macrocyclic lactone drugs and what they’re for
Ivermectin, Moxidectin, used for heartworm prevention
What is Profender? Side effects?
A combination product used topically in cats to treat hookworm, roundworm and tapeworm
Lethargy, salivation, vomiting, tremors
What does the anticestodal Praziquantel do?
Kills cestodes and lung trematodes by disintegrating them and eliminates fleas
What does Fenbendazole kill?
Taenia species
What is coccidiosis?
Infection of isospora and eimeria that causes intestinal disorders
What helps to keep coccidia in check
Providing clean, nutritious feed and water and avoiding overcrowding
Which species should Monensin not be used in?
Equine, highly cardiotoxic
Which drug kills giardia and is banned in food animals?
Metronidazole
Which drug kills the protozoan Babesia and how?
Imidocarb via IM inj.
Has cholinergic effect on protozoa. Can be used in dogs, cats and horses
Sarcocystis neurona causes what in horses?
Equine protozoal myeloencephalitis
What drug is used to treat EPM? How does it work?
Pyrimethamine, by inhibiting an enzyme that converts a folic acid used for metabolism in parasites to become inactive
Who should not get Ivermectin?
Collies (MDR1 gene) and puppies under 6 weeks
What are adverse effects of Selamectin?
Alopecia at Application site, vomiting, diarrhea
What is a 6 month heartworm preventive drug
Moxidectin
What does Melarsimine do and side effects?
Kills adult heartworms. Given IM in epaxial muscles
Nephrotoxic and hepatotoxicity
Milbemycin is used to kill what?
Microfilaria, hookworms, ascarids and whipworms
What does Milbemycin kill?
Microfilaria, hookworms, ascarids and whipworms
What are 3 types of sprays?
Prediluted, yard/kennel and concentrated
What is a disadvantage of oral products for ectoparasites?
May not kill all stages
What is Program/Lufenoron for?
Stopping the hatching of flea eggs
What is Nitenpyram/Capstar for?
Tablet that kills adult fleas in 30 min
What is permethrin and imidacloprid/K9 Advantix used for?
Killing fleas and ticks, avoid in cats
How is fipronil/Frontline given?
Topically, but not absorbed into blood
