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My Pharmacology > Musculoskeletal Drugs > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What is a neurotransmitter junction?

A

Where motor nerve fiber connects to muscle

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2
Q

What inactivates acetylcholine?

A

Acetylcholinesterase

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3
Q

What do neuromuscular blocking agents do?

A

Paralyze muscles by disrupting the transmission of nerve impulses from motor nerves to skeletal muscle fibers

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4
Q

What do primary myopathies affect and what are clinical signs?

A

Sarcolemma and/or muscle fibers.

Complete paralysis, paresis, or ataxia

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5
Q

Wht do anti-inflammatory drugs do?

A

Reduce pain, inflammation, redness, swelling and heat

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6
Q

What is a naturally anti-inflammatory chemical?

A

Glucocorticoids

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7
Q

Once competitive nonpolarizer drugs aren’t needed, what must be given to reverse it?

A

Antidote

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8
Q

What is another word for competitive nonpolarizers?

A

Neuro muscular blocker

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9
Q

Which neuromuscular blocker can be used in kidney disease and has little cardiovascular effects?

A

Atracurium

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10
Q

Which antidote competes with ACh for aChE?

A

Neostigmine

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11
Q

Which antidote is used to diagnose myasthenia gravis and is very short acting?

A

Edrophonium

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12
Q

What do antidotes, or anti cholinesterase agents, do?

A

Competes with ACh for AChE to allow more ACh into the muscle site and reverse the competitive nonpolarizer

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13
Q

What is another name for a depolarizing drug?

A

Noncompetitive neuromuscular blocker

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14
Q

Name a depolarizing neuromuscular blocker drug

A

Succinylcholine

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15
Q

What are adverse effects of AChE drugs?

A

SLUDDE

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16
Q

What do neuromuscular blockers not do? What are adverse effects?

A

Provide analgesia or sedation

Respiratory paralysis and/or cardiac collapse

17
Q

What is Guifenesin used for? What does it not effect?

A

Adjunct in anesthesia mainly in horses. Does not effect diaphragm or respiratory function.

18
Q

What do spasmolytics do?

A

Treat acute episodes of muscular spasticity associated with neurological and musculoskeletal disorders

19
Q

What does Diazepam do?

A

Increases turnover of ACh in the brain, is a centrally acting muscle relaxant, anticonvulsant and anxiolytic

20
Q

Which drug is used to prevent and treat malignant hyperthermia?

A

Dantrolene

21
Q

What drug is used to treat postanesthetic myositis in horses and treat urethral obstruction in dogs & cats?

A

Dantrolene

22
Q

What is methocarbomol for?

A

Adjunctive therapy for inflammatory and traumatic conditions of skeletal muscle and reduce muscle spasms. It is a centrally acting relaxant and does not decrease muscle tone.

23
Q

Name a spasmolytic drug

A

Methocarbomol

24
Q

Which drug inhibits calcium release from the muscle?

A

Dantrolene

25
Q

How is ACh normally deactivated at the neuromuscular junction?

A

It is inactivated by AChE

26
Q

What neuromuscular blocker drug has a lower potency in horses?

A

Vecuronium

27
Q

Name 2 neuromuscular blocker drugs

A

Atracurium and Vecuronium

28
Q

What is another term for neuromuscular blockers?

A

Curarizing agents

29
Q

Name 3 antidote drugs

A

Neostigmine, Pyridostigmine, Edrophonium

30
Q

What drug is used to treat rumen atony?

A

Neostigmine

31
Q

Which drug has a long duration of action than Neostigmine and comes in tablet form?

A

Pyridoxine

32
Q

Which depolarizing neuromuscular blocker drug doesnt need an antidote?

A

Succinylcholine

33
Q

What do depolarizing neuromuscular blockers do?

A

Mimic the action of Ach in the muscle fibers, prolonging their action because they aren’t destroyed by AChE

34
Q

What may methocarbomol cause?

A

Darker urine

35
Q

What are anabolic steroids used for?

A

Promote growth, counteract postop debility, treats muscular atrophy and orthopedic conditions

36
Q

Why should Guifanesin be diluted to 5%?

A

To avoid thrombophlebitis and RBC hemolysis

My Pharmacology (17 decks)

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