Upper Limb Vasculature

Question 1

What does the subclavian a. branch into?

Answer 1

Sunclavin a. > Axillary a. > Brachial a. > Ulnar & radial aa.

Question 2

What are the 3 divisions of the axillary a. related to and what are the branches off them?

Answer 2

Related to their position to pec minor m. (before, under, after)

1st part:
1. Sub thoracic a: supplies upper thoracic cavity

2nd part:
1. Thoracoacromial a: supplies pectoral/deltoid region
2. Lateral thoracic a: supplies lateral thoracic wall

3rd part:
1. Subscapular a: Supplies scapular region
2. Anterior circumflex a:
3. Posterior circumflex a:
-> both turn around surgical neck and supply muscles on proximal end of humerus

Question 3

Where is the axillary a. pulse found?

Answer 3

axilla

Question 4

Where does the brachial A. begin and end?

Answer 4

-BEGINS: at lower border of teres minor/pectorialis major.

-ENDS: at cubital fossa - splits into ulnar & radial a.

Question 5

Where is the brachial a. pulse found?

Answer 5

midarm, cubital fossa

Question 6

What are the main branches of the brachial a (2)?

Answer 6

1. Deep Brachial/profunda brachii a: supplies posterior arm
   -moves post > radial groove (with radial nerve)
2. Muscular branches (2-5): supplies anterior musculature.

Question 7

Which is the larger more numerous branch of the brachial a?

Answer 7

ulnar a.

Question 8

What does the ulnar a. supply (4)?

Answer 8

1. elbow,
2. medial anterior compartment & deep ones
3. majority of posterior
4. wrist joint.

Question 9

What a. forms the palmer arterial arches?

Answer 9

ulnar a.

Question 10

What does the radial a. supply (4)?

Answer 10

1. elbow
2. lateral anterior compartment
3. lateral posterior
4. wrist joint

Question 11

what artery passes through the snuff box?

Answer 11

Radial a.

Question 12

What arteries form the deep palmer arch?

Answer 12

radial & ulnar aa.

Question 13

What artery is a major source of blood supply for the dorsal hand?

Answer 13

Radial a.

Question 14

2 types of venous return?

Answer 14

1. Deep: run with arteries & take their names
2. Superficial: run in superficial fascia

Question 15

Superficial venous return pathway?

Answer 15

dorsal venous network drains into cephalic (thumb side) & basilic (pinky side).
-cephalic and basilic v are connected via median cubital v (cubital fossa)
- cephalic and basilic drain into axillary v.
-axillary v. drains into subclavian v.
-subclavian v. drains into brachiocephalic v.

Question 16

3 transitional areas?

Answer 16

1. carpal tunnel
2. cubital fossa
3. axilla

Question 17

What are the cubital fossa borders?

Answer 17

triangular shaped:
Lateral: brachioradialis m.
Medial: Pronator Teres
Superior: epicondyles

floor: brachialis & supinator
roof: bicipital aponeurosis, fascia

Question 18

What is found in the cubital fossa?

Answer 18

1. Radial N.
2. Biceps tendon
3. Brachial a.
4. Median N.

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Superficially, also contains median cubital v (blood draws), basilic and cephalic v

Question 19

What founds the walls of the axilla?

Answer 19

1. Anterior: Pectoral region
2. Posterior: Scapular region
3. Medial: 4 upper ribs & serrates anterior
4. Lateral: humerus

Question 20

What is found in the axilla?

Answer 20

1. Axillary A. & branches
2. Axillary V. & tributaries
3. Infraclavicular brachial plexus
4. Axillary lymph nodes