Face & Scalp Flashcards
Origin / Insertion / Nerve innervation of Temporalis Muscle?
O - Temporal Fossa & Fascia
I - Coronoid process (mandible)
N - Mandibular N (V3)
Action of Temporalis Muscle?
1) Elevation
2) Retraction
Origin / Insertion / Nerve innervation of Masseter?
O - Zygomatic Arch
I - Lateral surface of mandible
N -Mandibular N (V3)
Action of Masseter?
1) Elevation
2) Protraction
Origin / Insertion / Nerve innervation of Medial Pterygoid?
O - Pterygoid process (sphenoid)
I - Medial surface of angle of mandible
N -Mandibular N (V3)
Origin / Insertion / Nerve innervation of Lateral Pterygoid?
O - Pterygoid process (sphenoid)
I - Articular disc and neck of mandible
N -Mandibular N (V3)
Which muscles do elevation at mandible?
1) Temporalis
2) Masseter
3) Medial Pterygoid
Which muscles do depression at mandible?
1) Lateral Pterygoid
Which muscles do protrusion/protraction at mandible?
1) Lateral Pterygoid
2) Medial Pterygoid
3) Masseter
Which muscles do retraction/retraction at mandible?
1) Temporalis
Which muscles of lateral movements at mandible?
1) Lateral pterygoid
2) Medial pterygoid
3) Temporalis (same side)
4) Masseter
Action of Medial pterygoid?
1) Elevation
2) Protrusion
3) Contralateral Deviation
Action of lateral pterygoid?
1) Protrusion
2) Depression
3) Contralateral deviation
Layers of the scalp & their functions?
Skin - physical barrier
Dense CT - hair follicles, vessels, nerves, lymph
Aponeurosis - continuous with broad flat tendon
Loose CT - mobility of scalp
Pericranium - dense irregular CT highly adhered to cranium
Occipitofrontalis origin, insertion, and action?
O: Galea aponeurotic layer of skill
I: Frontalis = skin over eyebrows
Occipitalis = superior nuchal line
Action: Frontalis = Raise eyebrows & wrinkle forehead
Occipitalis = Anchor & retract scalp posteriorly
Orbicularis Oculi Function?
Sphincter muscle around eye that contracts to close lids
Levator Palpebrae Superioris function?
Triangle muscle that elevates & retracts upper eyelid
Elevators, retractors & evertors of the lips?
Levator labii superioris (elevators)
Zygomaticus major & minor (Smile)
Risoris (Side smile)
Orbicularis Oris function?
Sphincter muscle that:
1) closes & protrudes lips (kissing)
2) Helps keep food in mouth
Buccinator function?
1) Presses cheek against teeth
2) Helps keep food in mouth
3) Resists distension of mouth
Which class of joint in the TMJ?
combined hinge & synovial joint
What are the movements at the TMJ joint?
Anterior movement of the head of the mandible & articular disc on articular surface.
1) Rocking (initial open)
2) Sliding (wide open) - disc gets pinched here
What are the ligaments at the TMJ Joint?
1) TMJ-lateral ligament
2) TMJ-sphenomandibular ligament
3) TMJ-stylomandibular ligament
What are the 3 articular surfaces at TMJ joint?
1) Condylar processs (mandible)
2) Articular tubercle (temporal)
3) Mandibular fossa (temporal)
TMJ-lateral ligament location and function?
- Extends from zygomatic to temporal bone.
-2 short bands on lateral surface of articular capsule that strengthens TMJ preventing dislocation.
-Covered by parotid gland.
TMJ-sphenomandibular ligament location & function?
- Extends sphenoid to medial ramus.
- supporting, extrinsic ligament (no strength).
TMJ-Stylomandibular ligament location & function?
- styloid process (temporal) to inferior & posterior ramus
- supporting, extrinsic ligament (no strength)
CN V: Trigeminal n. branches?
- Opthalmic
- Maxillary
- Mandibular
CN VII: Facial n. branches?
- Temporal
- Zygomatic
- Buccal
- Marginal Mandibular
- Cervical
**To Zanzibar By Motor Car **
Difference between CNV 3 (mandibular) & CNVII 4 (marginal mandibular)
CNV 3 - mastication
CN VII 4 - facial expression
CN VII: Facial n. innervated all muscles of facial expression except? And what n innervates it instead?
Levator palpebrae superioris
CN III - Oculomotor
Branches of arch of aorta and what do they supply? (in order from ascending to descending)
- Brachiocephalic - head & neck
- Left Carotid a. - Brain
- Left subclavian a. - upper limbs
Branches of subclavian a. and what they supply?
Pre-scalene:
1. Vertebral a. - brain supply
2. Internal thoracic a. - anterior thoracic wall & breast
3. Thyrocervical trunk - larynx, trachea, esophagus, thyroid
**throat region **
Post-scalene:
1. Dorsal Scapular n. (turns into axillary)
Where does the carotid a branch, what does it branch into it and supply?
Bifurcates at C3/C4 into:
1. External carotid a. - face, neck & scalp
2. Internal carotid a. - brain & eyes
What are the internal branches of the carotid a?
- Opthalmic a.
- Anterior cerebral a.
- Middle cerebral a.
- Posterior communicating a.
What is the venous drainage pattern of the head?
- Intracranial cerebral v.
- Superficial v.
- Deep v.
all drain into..
Internal & External Jugular v.
then to vena cava
3 types of peripheral n?
- 31 pair of spinal n
- 12 pairs of cranial n.
- Autonomic n.
Name all 12 cranial nerves.
** Oh, Once One Takes The Anatomy Final, Very Good Vacations Are Had **
CN I: Olfactory
CN II: Optic
CN III: Oculomotor
CN IV: Trochlear
CN V: Trigeminal
CN VI: Abducens
CN VII: Facial
CN VIII: Vestibulocochlear
CN IX: Glossopharyngeal
CN X: Vagus
CN XI: Spinal Accessory
CN XII: Hypoglossal
