Face & Scalp Flashcards by Paulina Martin

Origin / Insertion / Nerve innervation of Temporalis Muscle?

O - Temporal Fossa & Fascia
I - Coronoid process (mandible)
N - Mandibular N (V3)

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Action of Temporalis Muscle?

1) Elevation
2) Retraction

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Origin / Insertion / Nerve innervation of Masseter?

O - Zygomatic Arch
I - Lateral surface of mandible
N -Mandibular N (V3)

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Action of Masseter?

1) Elevation
2) Protraction

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Origin / Insertion / Nerve innervation of Medial Pterygoid?

O - Pterygoid process (sphenoid)
I - Medial surface of angle of mandible
N -Mandibular N (V3)

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Origin / Insertion / Nerve innervation of Lateral Pterygoid?

O - Pterygoid process (sphenoid)
I - Articular disc and neck of mandible
N -Mandibular N (V3)

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Which muscles do elevation at mandible?

1) Temporalis
2) Masseter
3) Medial Pterygoid

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Which muscles do depression at mandible?

1) Lateral Pterygoid

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Which muscles do protrusion/protraction at mandible?

1) Lateral Pterygoid
2) Medial Pterygoid
3) Masseter

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Which muscles do retraction/retraction at mandible?

1) Temporalis

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Which muscles of lateral movements at mandible?

1) Lateral pterygoid
2) Medial pterygoid
3) Temporalis (same side)
4) Masseter

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Action of Medial pterygoid?

1) Elevation
2) Protrusion
3) Contralateral Deviation

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Action of lateral pterygoid?

1) Protrusion
2) Depression
3) Contralateral deviation

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Layers of the scalp & their functions?

Skin - physical barrier
Dense CT - hair follicles, vessels, nerves, lymph
Aponeurosis - continuous with broad flat tendon
Loose CT - mobility of scalp
Pericranium - dense irregular CT highly adhered to cranium

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Occipitofrontalis origin, insertion, and action?

O: Galea aponeurotic layer of skill
I: Frontalis = skin over eyebrows
Occipitalis = superior nuchal line
Action: Frontalis = Raise eyebrows & wrinkle forehead
Occipitalis = Anchor & retract scalp posteriorly

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Orbicularis Oculi Function?

Sphincter muscle around eye that contracts to close lids

Levator Palpebrae Superioris function?

Triangle muscle that elevates & retracts upper eyelid

Elevators, retractors & evertors of the lips?

Levator labii superioris (elevators)
Zygomaticus major & minor (Smile)
Risoris (Side smile)

Orbicularis Oris function?

Sphincter muscle that:
1) closes & protrudes lips (kissing)
2) Helps keep food in mouth

Buccinator function?

1) Presses cheek against teeth
2) Helps keep food in mouth
3) Resists distension of mouth

Which class of joint in the TMJ?

combined hinge & synovial joint

What are the movements at the TMJ joint?

Anterior movement of the head of the mandible & articular disc on articular surface.
1) Rocking (initial open)
2) Sliding (wide open) - disc gets pinched here

What are the ligaments at the TMJ Joint?

1) TMJ-lateral ligament
2) TMJ-sphenomandibular ligament
3) TMJ-stylomandibular ligament

What are the 3 articular surfaces at TMJ joint?

1) Condylar processs (mandible)
2) Articular tubercle (temporal)
3) Mandibular fossa (temporal)

TMJ-lateral ligament location and function?

- Extends from zygomatic to temporal bone. -2 short bands on lateral surface of articular capsule that strengthens TMJ preventing dislocation. -Covered by parotid gland.

TMJ-sphenomandibular ligament location & function?

- Extends sphenoid to medial ramus. - supporting, extrinsic ligament (no strength).

TMJ-Stylomandibular ligament location & function?

- styloid process (temporal) to inferior & posterior ramus - supporting, extrinsic ligament (no strength)

CN V: Trigeminal n. branches?

1. Opthalmic 2. Maxillary 3. Mandibular

CN VII: Facial n. branches?

1. Temporal 2. Zygomatic 3. Buccal 4. Marginal Mandibular 5. Cervical **To Zanzibar By Motor Car **

Difference between CNV 3 (mandibular) & CNVII 4 (marginal mandibular)

CNV 3 - mastication CN VII 4 - facial expression

CN VII: Facial n. innervated all muscles of facial expression except? And what n innervates it instead?

Levator palpebrae superioris CN III - Oculomotor

Branches of arch of aorta and what do they supply? (in order from ascending to descending)

1. Brachiocephalic - head & neck 2. Left Carotid a. - Brain 3. Left subclavian a. - upper limbs

Branches of subclavian a. and what they supply?

Pre-scalene: 1. Vertebral a. - brain supply 2. Internal thoracic a. - anterior thoracic wall & breast 3. Thyrocervical trunk - larynx, trachea, esophagus, thyroid **throat region ** Post-scalene: 1. Dorsal Scapular n. (turns into axillary)

Where does the carotid a branch, what does it branch into it and supply?

Bifurcates at C3/C4 into: 1. External carotid a. - face, neck & scalp 2. Internal carotid a. - brain & eyes

What are the internal branches of the carotid a?

1. Opthalmic a. 2. Anterior cerebral a. 3. Middle cerebral a. 4. Posterior communicating a.

What is the venous drainage pattern of the head?

1. Intracranial cerebral v. 2. Superficial v. 3. Deep v. all drain into.. Internal & External Jugular v. then to vena cava

3 types of peripheral n?

1. 31 pair of spinal n 2. 12 pairs of cranial n. 3. Autonomic n.

Name all 12 cranial nerves.

** Oh, Once One Takes The Anatomy Final, Very Good Vacations Are Had ** CN I: Olfactory CN II: Optic CN III: Oculomotor CN IV: Trochlear CN V: Trigeminal CN VI: Abducens CN VII: Facial CN VIII: Vestibulocochlear CN IX: Glossopharyngeal CN X: Vagus CN XI: Spinal Accessory CN XII: Hypoglossal