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MSK100 > Back & Neck Muscles > Flashcards

Back & Neck Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Extrinsic Back Muscles?

A

superficial & intermediate muscles that produce & control limb & respiratory movements

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2
Q

Name the superficial Extrinsic muscles (4)?

A

1) Trapezius
2) Latissimus dorsi
3) Levator Scapulae
4) Rhomboids

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3
Q

Function & nerve innervation of superficial extrinsic back muscles?

A

Function: Produce & control upper limb movements
Nerve: anterior rami of cervical nerves

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4
Q

Function of intermediate extrinsic muscles?

A

Superficial respiratory muscles that are more likely proprioceptive.
- thin, weaker muscles

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5
Q

Name the intermediate extrinsic muscles (2)?

A

1) Serratus posterior superior
2) Serratus posterior inferior

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6
Q

Origin, insertion and innervation of Serratus posterior superior & inferior (intermediate extrinsic back muscles)?

A

-[O]: SPs
[I]: Ribcage
[N]: Intercostal n.

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7
Q

Function of serrates posterior superior & inferior? What muscle are they deep too?

A

Serratus posterior superior: assist in opening ribcage, deep to rhomboids
Serratus posterior inferior: assit in depressing ribcage, deep to latissimus dorsi

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8
Q

Intrinsic back muscles function, innervation and layers.

A

Function: deep muscles that act on vertebral column (movements & posture)
[N]: posterior rami of spinal n.
1) Superficial Layer: Spinotransverse group
2) Intermediate layer: Sacrospinalis Group
3) Deep layer: Transversospinalis group

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9
Q

What muscles are in the superficial layer on the intrinsic back muscles?

A

Spinotransvere group (SP to TP):
1) Splenius Capitis
2) Splenius Cervicis

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10
Q

What muscles are in the intermediate layer of intrinsic back muscles?

A

Sacrospinalis Group (sacrum to spine):
1) Erector Spinae
- spinalis (medial)
-longissimus (intermediate)
- iliocostalis (Lateral)

** I love spine (lateral to medial)

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11
Q

What muscles are in the deep layer of the intrinsic back muscles?

A

Transversospinalis Group (TVP to SP):
1) Semispinalis
2) Multifidus
3) Rotatores (deepest)

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12
Q

Thoracolumbar Fascia?

A

Intrinsic muscles of spine extend from pelvis to cranium and are enclosed by this deep fascia.
- extends laterally from SPs
-thin in the thoracic region
-thick& strong in lumbar region

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13
Q

Splenius capitus origin, insertion, nerve innervation, & function?

A

FNC:
1) Extend the neck,
2) Lateral Flexion,
3) Ipsilateral Rotation

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14
Q

Splenius cervices origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function?

A

Function:
1) Extend the neck
2) Lateral Flexion
3) Ipsilateral Rotation

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15
Q

Erector spinae origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function.

A

Function:
1) Extend vertebral column
2) Hold body up
3) Lateral flexion

Chief extensors of the vertebral column

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16
Q

Semispinalis location and 3 muscle types?

A

-occupy gutter between TVP & SP.
- Arise from 1/2 of vertebral column.
1) Semispinalis capitis - head
2) Semispinalis cervices - neck
3) Semispinalis thoracic - thoracic spine

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17
Q

Semispinalis origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function.

A

-[O]: TVP
[I]: SP
[N]: Posterior rami of spinal n.
Function:
1) extension of head, cervical spine & thoracic spine
2) Contralateral Rotation

18
Q

Multifidus origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function?

A

-[O]: TVP
[I]: SP
[N]: Posterior rami of spinal n.
Function:
1) Stabilization of vertebral column

19
Q

Rotatores origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function?

A

-[O]: TVP (mainly thoracic region)
[I]: SP
[N]: Posterior rami of spinal n.
Function:
1) Stabilization of vertebral column
2) proprioception of vertebral column
3) May assist in small rotatory movements in thoracic spine.

20
Q

Minor deep back muscles/segmental muscles of the back (3)?

A
  1. Interspinales
  2. Intertransversarii
  3. Levator Costarum
21
Q

Interspinales origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function?

A

-[O]: SP
[I]: SP
[N]: posterior rami of spinal n.
Function:
1) Extension
2) Rotation

22
Q

Intertransversarii origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function?

A

-[O]: TVP
[I]: TVP
[N]: Anterior & Posterior rami of spinal n.
Function:
1) Stabilization
2) Lateral Flexion

23
Q

Levator Costarum origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function?

A

-[O]: TVP
[I]: Ribs
[N]: posterior rami of C8-T11 spinal n.
Function:
1) Elevate ribs (assit in respiration)
2) Lateral Flexion

24
Q

Muscles in the sub occipital region/ deep neck muscles (4)?
Nerve innervation?
Functions?

A
  1. Rectus capitis major
  2. Rectus capitas minor
  3. Obliquus capitis superior
  4. Oblique capitis inferior

nerve: posterior ramus of C1 (suboccipital n.)
Functions:
1) Extension of atlanto-occiptal
2) Rotation of Atlanta-axial joint

25
Q

Origins and insertions of suboccipital muscles ?

A
  1. Rectus capitis major (C2 SP to occiput)
    -extension at joint 1, rotation at joint 2
  2. Rectus capitas minor (C1 SP to occiput)
    -extension
  3. Obliquus capitis superior (C1 TVP to occiput)
    -extension
  4. Oblique capitis inferior (C2 SP to C1 TVP)
    - rotation/extension
26
Q

Anterior Neck muscles groups (2) & muscles within them(2,5)?

A

Superficial group:
1. Platysma
2. Sternocleidomastoid

Deep Group:
1.Longus Capitus
2. Longus Colli
3. Rectus Capitis Anterior
4. Rectus capitis lateralis
5. Scalenes

27
Q

Platysma origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function?

A

-[O]: fascia over deltoid & pec. major muscle
[I]: mandible & skin of lower face
[N]: CN VII (Facial n.) - ventral rami
Function:
1. Depresses & draws lower lip inferiorally
2) Depresses mandible @ TMJ

**emotions of the face

28
Q

Sternocleidomastoid origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function?

A

-[O]: Clavicle (medial 1/3), manubrium of sternum
[I]: mastoid process (temporal bone), superior nuchal line (lateral 1/2)
[N]: CN XI: Spinal Accessory n. - ventral rami
Function:
1) Lateral flexion of head/neck
2)contralateral rotation of head/neck
3) Extension of head/ upper neck
4) Flexion lower neck
5) Elevation of sternum/ clavicle (forced inhalation)

29
Q

What nerve innervates the the deep anterior neck muscles?

A

ventral rami of cervical spine at their corresponding levels

30
Q

Longus capitas origin, insertion & function?

A

-[O]: TVP (cervical)
[I]: Occiput
Function:
1. Flex head

31
Q

Longus Colli origin, insertion & function?

A

-[O]: TVP (cervical)
[I]: C1
Function:
1. Flexion of head
2. contralateral rotation

32
Q

Rectus Capitis Anterior origin, insertion & function?

A

-[O]: C1 lateral mass
[I]: occiput
Function:
1. Flex head

33
Q

Rectus Capitis Lateralis origin, insertion & function?

A

-[O]: C1 TVP
[I]: occipital bone
Function:
1. Flex head
2. Stabilize head

34
Q

Scalene origin, insertion & function?

A

TVP (cervical) to Rib.

Anterior & middle:
1. Lateral flexion
2. Elevate Rib 1 (forced inhalation)

Posterior:
1. Lateral Flexion
2. Elevate Rib 2 (forced inhalation)

35
Q

Muscles producing flexion at cervical intervertebral joints (3)?

A
  1. Longus Coli
  2. Scalene
  3. Sternocleidomastoid
36
Q

Muscles producing extension at cervical intervertebral joints (10)?

A
  1. Sternoclediomastoid
  2. Trapezius
  3. Semispinalis cervices
  4. Iliocostalis cervices
  5. Splenius cervices
  6. Levator scapulae
  7. Splenius capitis
  8. multifidus
  9. Longissimus capitis
  10. Semispinalis capitis
37
Q

Muscles producing lateral bending at cervical intervertebral joints (6)?

A
  1. iliocostalis cervices
  2. Longissimus capitis & cervices
  3. Splenius capitis & cervices
  4. Intertansversarri
  5. Scalenes
  6. Sternocleidomastoid
38
Q

Muscles producing rotation at cervical intervertebral joints (4)?

A
  1. Rotatores
  2. Semispinalis capitis & cervices (contralteral)
  3. Multifidus
  4. Splenius cervices
39
Q

Muscles producing extension at thoracic & lumbar joints (3)?

A
  1. Erector spinae
  2. Multifidus
  3. Semispinalis thoracic
40
Q

Muscles producing lateral blending at thoracic & lumbar joints (7)?

A
  1. Iliocostalis thoracic & lumborum
  2. Longissimus thoracic
  3. Mutifidus
  4. External/internal oblique
  5. Quadratus lumborum
  6. Rhomaboids
  7. Serratus anterior
41
Q

Muscles producing rotation at thoracic & lumbar joints (6)?

A
  1. Rotatores
  2. Multifidus
  3. iliocostalis
  4. longissimis
  5. External w/ opposite oblique
  6. splenius thoracic

MSK100 (22 decks)

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