Back & Neck Muscles Flashcards by Paulina Martin

Extrinsic Back Muscles?

superficial & intermediate muscles that produce & control limb & respiratory movements

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Name the superficial Extrinsic muscles (4)?

1) Trapezius
2) Latissimus dorsi
3) Levator Scapulae
4) Rhomboids

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Function & nerve innervation of superficial extrinsic back muscles?

Function: Produce & control upper limb movements
Nerve: anterior rami of cervical nerves

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Function of intermediate extrinsic muscles?

Superficial respiratory muscles that are more likely proprioceptive.
- thin, weaker muscles

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Name the intermediate extrinsic muscles (2)?

1) Serratus posterior superior
2) Serratus posterior inferior

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Origin, insertion and innervation of Serratus posterior superior & inferior (intermediate extrinsic back muscles)?

-[O]: SPs
[I]: Ribcage
[N]: Intercostal n.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Function of serrates posterior superior & inferior? What muscle are they deep too?

Serratus posterior superior: assist in opening ribcage, deep to rhomboids
Serratus posterior inferior: assit in depressing ribcage, deep to latissimus dorsi

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Intrinsic back muscles function, innervation and layers.

Function: deep muscles that act on vertebral column (movements & posture)
[N]: posterior rami of spinal n.
1) Superficial Layer: Spinotransverse group
2) Intermediate layer: Sacrospinalis Group
3) Deep layer: Transversospinalis group

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What muscles are in the superficial layer on the intrinsic back muscles?

Spinotransvere group (SP to TP):
1) Splenius Capitis
2) Splenius Cervicis

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What muscles are in the intermediate layer of intrinsic back muscles?

Sacrospinalis Group (sacrum to spine):
1) Erector Spinae
- spinalis (medial)
-longissimus (intermediate)
- iliocostalis (Lateral)

** I love spine (lateral to medial)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What muscles are in the deep layer of the intrinsic back muscles?

Transversospinalis Group (TVP to SP):
1) Semispinalis
2) Multifidus
3) Rotatores (deepest)

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Thoracolumbar Fascia?

Intrinsic muscles of spine extend from pelvis to cranium and are enclosed by this deep fascia.
- extends laterally from SPs
-thin in the thoracic region
-thick& strong in lumbar region

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Splenius capitus origin, insertion, nerve innervation, & function?

FNC:
1) Extend the neck,
2) Lateral Flexion,
3) Ipsilateral Rotation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Splenius cervices origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function?

Function:
1) Extend the neck
2) Lateral Flexion
3) Ipsilateral Rotation

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Erector spinae origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function.

Function:
1) Extend vertebral column
2) Hold body up
3) Lateral flexion

Chief extensors of the vertebral column

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Semispinalis location and 3 muscle types?

-occupy gutter between TVP & SP.
- Arise from 1/2 of vertebral column.
1) Semispinalis capitis - head
2) Semispinalis cervices - neck
3) Semispinalis thoracic - thoracic spine

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Semispinalis origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function.

-[O]: TVP
[I]: SP
[N]: Posterior rami of spinal n.
Function:
1) extension of head, cervical spine & thoracic spine
2) Contralateral Rotation

Multifidus origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function?

-[O]: TVP
[I]: SP
[N]: Posterior rami of spinal n.
Function:
1) Stabilization of vertebral column

Rotatores origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function?

-[O]: TVP (mainly thoracic region)
[I]: SP
[N]: Posterior rami of spinal n.
Function:
1) Stabilization of vertebral column
2) proprioception of vertebral column
3) May assist in small rotatory movements in thoracic spine.

Minor deep back muscles/segmental muscles of the back (3)?

Interspinales
Intertransversarii
Levator Costarum

Interspinales origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function?

-[O]: SP
[I]: SP
[N]: posterior rami of spinal n.
Function:
1) Extension
2) Rotation

Intertransversarii origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function?

-[O]: TVP
[I]: TVP
[N]: Anterior & Posterior rami of spinal n.
Function:
1) Stabilization
2) Lateral Flexion

Levator Costarum origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function?

-[O]: TVP
[I]: Ribs
[N]: posterior rami of C8-T11 spinal n.
Function:
1) Elevate ribs (assit in respiration)
2) Lateral Flexion

Muscles in the sub occipital region/ deep neck muscles (4)?
Nerve innervation?
Functions?

Rectus capitis major
Rectus capitas minor
Obliquus capitis superior
Oblique capitis inferior

nerve: posterior ramus of C1 (suboccipital n.)
Functions:
1) Extension of atlanto-occiptal
2) Rotation of Atlanta-axial joint

Origins and insertions of suboccipital muscles ?

1. Rectus capitis major (C2 SP to occiput) -extension at joint 1, rotation at joint 2 2. Rectus capitas minor (C1 SP to occiput) -extension 3. Obliquus capitis superior (C1 TVP to occiput) -extension 4. Oblique capitis inferior (C2 SP to C1 TVP) - rotation/extension

Anterior Neck muscles groups (2) & muscles within them(2,5)?

Superficial group: 1. Platysma 2. Sternocleidomastoid Deep Group: 1.Longus Capitus 2. Longus Colli 3. Rectus Capitis Anterior 4. Rectus capitis lateralis 5. Scalenes

Platysma origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function?

-[O]: fascia over deltoid & pec. major muscle [I]: mandible & skin of lower face [N]: CN VII (Facial n.) - ventral rami Function: 1. Depresses & draws lower lip inferiorally 2) Depresses mandible @ TMJ **emotions of the face

Sternocleidomastoid origin, insertion, nerve innervation & function?

-[O]: Clavicle (medial 1/3), manubrium of sternum [I]: mastoid process (temporal bone), superior nuchal line (lateral 1/2) [N]: CN XI: Spinal Accessory n. - ventral rami Function: 1) Lateral flexion of head/neck 2)contralateral rotation of head/neck 3) Extension of head/ upper neck 4) Flexion lower neck 5) Elevation of sternum/ clavicle (forced inhalation)

What nerve innervates the the deep anterior neck muscles?

ventral rami of cervical spine at their corresponding levels

Longus capitas origin, insertion & function?

-[O]: TVP (cervical) [I]: Occiput Function: 1. Flex head

Longus Colli origin, insertion & function?

-[O]: TVP (cervical) [I]: C1 Function: 1. Flexion of head 2. contralateral rotation

Rectus Capitis Anterior origin, insertion & function?

-[O]: C1 lateral mass [I]: occiput Function: 1. Flex head

Rectus Capitis Lateralis origin, insertion & function?

-[O]: C1 TVP [I]: occipital bone Function: 1. Flex head 2. Stabilize head

Scalene origin, insertion & function?

TVP (cervical) to Rib. Anterior & middle: 1. Lateral flexion 2. Elevate Rib 1 (forced inhalation) Posterior: 1. Lateral Flexion 2. Elevate Rib 2 (forced inhalation)

Muscles producing flexion at cervical intervertebral joints (3)?

1. Longus Coli 2. Scalene 3. Sternocleidomastoid

Muscles producing extension at cervical intervertebral joints (10)?

1. Sternoclediomastoid 2. Trapezius 3. Semispinalis cervices 4. Iliocostalis cervices 5. Splenius cervices 6. Levator scapulae 7. Splenius capitis 8. multifidus 9. Longissimus capitis 10. Semispinalis capitis

Muscles producing lateral bending at cervical intervertebral joints (6)?

1. iliocostalis cervices 2. Longissimus capitis & cervices 3. Splenius capitis & cervices 4. Intertansversarri 5. Scalenes 6. Sternocleidomastoid

Muscles producing rotation at cervical intervertebral joints (4)?

1. Rotatores 2. Semispinalis capitis & cervices (contralteral) 3. Multifidus 4. Splenius cervices

Muscles producing extension at thoracic & lumbar joints (3)?

1. Erector spinae 2. Multifidus 3. Semispinalis thoracic

Muscles producing lateral blending at thoracic & lumbar joints (7)?

1. Iliocostalis thoracic & lumborum 2. Longissimus thoracic 3. Mutifidus 4. External/internal oblique 5. Quadratus lumborum 6. Rhomaboids 7. Serratus anterior

Muscles producing rotation at thoracic & lumbar joints (6)?

1. Rotatores 2. Multifidus 3. iliocostalis 4. longissimis 5. External w/ opposite oblique 6. splenius thoracic