Skull & Cranium

Question 1

Neurocranium function?

Answer 1

protect the brain

Question 2

Viscerocranium function?

Answer 2

forms the face

Question 3

What 6 bones form the neurocranium?

Answer 3

1. Parietal bone (paired)
2. Temporal bone (paired)
3. Frontal bone
4. Occipital bone
5. Sphenoid bone
6. Ethmoid bone

Question 4

What 8 bones form the viscerocranium?

Answer 4

1. Lacrimal bone
2. Nasal bone
3. Zygomatic bone
4. Maxilla
5. Inferior nasal concha
6. Palatine bone
7. Mandible (unpaired)
8. Vomer (unpaired)

Question 5

What is a Pterion?

Answer 5

-junction of 4 bones (frontal, sphenoid, temporal, parietal).
-thinnest part of the skull
-middle meningeal a. is behind

Question 6

What is the suture between the frontal and parietal bones?

Answer 6

Coronal suture

Question 7

What is the suture between the parietal bones?

Answer 7

Sagittal suture

Question 8

What is the suture between the partial and occipital bones?

Answer 8

lamboid suture

Question 9

Bregma?

Answer 9

Where coronal suture and sagittal suture meet.

Question 10

Lambda?

Answer 10

Where sagittal suture and lamboid suture meet.

Question 11

What are fontanelles?

Answer 11

In a newborn skull, where the junctions of suture are made from soft tissues and not completely closed, to allow room for the brain to grow.

Question 12

When does the anterior fontanelle close?

Answer 12

12-18 months after birth

Question 13

When does the lateral fontanelle’s close?

Answer 13

6 months after birth

Question 14

When does the posterior fontanelle close?

Answer 14

2-3 months after birth

Question 15

What bones make up the anterior cranial fossa?

Answer 15

1. Frontal bones
2. Ethmoid bones
3. Sphenoid bone (body & lesser wing)

Question 16

What bones make up the middle cranial fossa?

Answer 16

1. Sphenoid bone
2. Temporal bone

Question 17

What bones make up the posterior cranial fossa?

Answer 17

1. Temporal bones
2. Parietal bones
3. Occipital bones

Question 18

What 3 structures are found on the anterior cranial fossa?

Answer 18

1. Orbital plate
2. Cribiform Plate
3. Crista Galli

Question 19

Cribiform plate?

Answer 19

Allows passage of CN I: olfactory n.

Question 20

Crista Galli?

Answer 20

Attachment of Falx Cerebri (dura matta attaches)

Question 21

What 9 structures are on the middle cranial fossa and which bone are they found on?

Answer 21

1. Sella Turcica
2. Groove for superior petrosal sinus
3. Optical canal
4. Superior orbital fissure
5. Formen rotundum
6. Foramen Ovale
7. Foramen Spinosum
8. Foramen lacerum
9. Coratid canal

** all sphenoid bone except carotid canal & groove for superior perusal sinus = temporal bone

Question 22

Sella turcica?

Answer 22

1. hypophyseal fossa (holds pituitary gland)
2. Dorsum Sellae

Question 23

Structures that pass through the optic canal (2)?

Answer 23

1. CNII: optic n.
2. Ophthalmic a

Question 24

Structures that pass through the Superior Orbital Fissure (5)?

Answer 24

1. CN III: Oculomotor n.
2. CN IV: Trochlear n.
3. CNV1: Ophthalmic n.
4. CNVI: Abducens n
5. Superior Ophthalmic v.

Question 25

What structure passes through the foramen rotundum?

Answer 25

CNV2: Maxillary n.

Question 26

What structures pass through the foramen ovale (2)?

Answer 26

1. CNV3: Mandibular n. 2. Accessory Meningeal a.

Question 27

What structures pass through the Foramen Spinosum (3)?

Answer 27

1. Middle meningeal a. 2. Middle meningeal v. 3. Meningeal branch of CNV3.

Question 28

What is a feature of foramen lacerum?

Answer 28

Covered by cartilage.

Question 29

What structure passes through the carotid canal?

Answer 29

Internal carotid a.

Question 30

What 6 structures are located on the posterior cranial fossa and what bone are they located on?

Answer 30

1. Internal acoustic meatus (temporal) 2. Jugular Foramen (btw occipital & temporal) 3. Hypoglossal Canal (occipital) 4. Foramen Magnum (occipital) 5. Groove for sigmodial sinus (Temporal) 6. Groove for transverse sinus (occipital)

Question 31

What structures pass through the Internal Acoustic Meatus (2)?

Answer 31

1. CNVII: Facial n. 2. CNVIII: Vestibulocochlear n.

Question 32

What structures pass through the Jugular Foramen (3)?

Answer 32

1.CNIX: Glossopharyngeal n. 2. CNX: Vagus n. 3. CNX1: Accessory spinal n.

Question 33

What structure passes through the Hypoglossal canal?

Answer 33

1. CNXII: Hypoglossal n.

Question 34

What structures pass through the Foramen Magnum (4)?

Answer 34

1. Medulla oblongata 2. Meninges 3. Vertebral a. 4. Spinal roots of CN IX