Skull & Cranium Flashcards
Neurocranium function?
protect the brain
Viscerocranium function?
forms the face
What 6 bones form the neurocranium?
- Parietal bone (paired)
- Temporal bone (paired)
- Frontal bone
- Occipital bone
- Sphenoid bone
- Ethmoid bone
What 8 bones form the viscerocranium?
- Lacrimal bone
- Nasal bone
- Zygomatic bone
- Maxilla
- Inferior nasal concha
- Palatine bone
- Mandible (unpaired)
- Vomer (unpaired)
What is a Pterion?
-junction of 4 bones (frontal, sphenoid, temporal, parietal).
-thinnest part of the skull
-middle meningeal a. is behind
What is the suture between the frontal and parietal bones?
Coronal suture
What is the suture between the parietal bones?
Sagittal suture
What is the suture between the partial and occipital bones?
lamboid suture
Bregma?
Where coronal suture and sagittal suture meet.
Lambda?
Where sagittal suture and lamboid suture meet.
What are fontanelles?
In a newborn skull, where the junctions of suture are made from soft tissues and not completely closed, to allow room for the brain to grow.
When does the anterior fontanelle close?
12-18 months after birth
When does the lateral fontanelle’s close?
6 months after birth
When does the posterior fontanelle close?
2-3 months after birth
What bones make up the anterior cranial fossa?
- Frontal bones
- Ethmoid bones
- Sphenoid bone (body & lesser wing)
What bones make up the middle cranial fossa?
- Sphenoid bone
- Temporal bone
What bones make up the posterior cranial fossa?
- Temporal bones
- Parietal bones
- Occipital bones
What 3 structures are found on the anterior cranial fossa?
- Orbital plate
- Cribiform Plate
- Crista Galli
Cribiform plate?
Allows passage of CN I: olfactory n.
Crista Galli?
Attachment of Falx Cerebri (dura matta attaches)
What 9 structures are on the middle cranial fossa and which bone are they found on?
- Sella Turcica
- Groove for superior petrosal sinus
- Optical canal
- Superior orbital fissure
- Formen rotundum
- Foramen Ovale
- Foramen Spinosum
- Foramen lacerum
- Coratid canal
** all sphenoid bone except carotid canal & groove for superior perusal sinus = temporal bone
Sella turcica?
- hypophyseal fossa (holds pituitary gland)
- Dorsum Sellae
Structures that pass through the optic canal (2)?
- CNII: optic n.
- Ophthalmic a
Structures that pass through the Superior Orbital Fissure (5)?
- CN III: Oculomotor n.
- CN IV: Trochlear n.
- CNV1: Ophthalmic n.
- CNVI: Abducens n
- Superior Ophthalmic v.
What structure passes through the foramen rotundum?
CNV2: Maxillary n.
What structures pass through the foramen ovale (2)?
- CNV3: Mandibular n.
- Accessory Meningeal a.
What structures pass through the Foramen Spinosum (3)?
- Middle meningeal a.
- Middle meningeal v.
- Meningeal branch of CNV3.
What is a feature of foramen lacerum?
Covered by cartilage.
What structure passes through the carotid canal?
Internal carotid a.
What 6 structures are located on the posterior cranial fossa and what bone are they located on?
- Internal acoustic meatus (temporal)
- Jugular Foramen (btw occipital & temporal)
- Hypoglossal Canal (occipital)
- Foramen Magnum (occipital)
- Groove for sigmodial sinus (Temporal)
- Groove for transverse sinus (occipital)
What structures pass through the Internal Acoustic Meatus (2)?
- CNVII: Facial n.
- CNVIII: Vestibulocochlear n.
What structures pass through the Jugular Foramen (3)?
1.CNIX: Glossopharyngeal n.
2. CNX: Vagus n.
3. CNX1: Accessory spinal n.
What structure passes through the Hypoglossal canal?
- CNXII: Hypoglossal n.
What structures pass through the Foramen Magnum (4)?
- Medulla oblongata
- Meninges
- Vertebral a.
- Spinal roots of CN IX
