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MSK100 > Palpation Exam > Flashcards

Palpation Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Spinous process?

A

interspinous ligament

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2
Q

Transverse process?

A

Intertransverse ligament

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3
Q

Ribs 1-12

A

Ribs 1-7 = true ribs. Direct attachment to the sternum.

Ribs 8-10 = false ribs. Indirect attachment. Fused to costal cartilage of Rib 7.

Ribs 11 & 12 = Free floating ribs. No attachment to sternum.

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4
Q

Sacrum
- Posterior surface
- Median Crest

A

Posterior surface: Erector spinae originate

Median Crests: formed by fucion of 1st 3 SPs

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5
Q

Sternum
- Jugular notch (manubrium)
- Sternal angle
- Body
- Xiphoid process

A

Manubrium: Articulates with clavicle & costal cartilages of 1st rib

Sternal Angle: junction of Manubrium & sternal body via cartilaginous joint. Marks the level of the 2nd rib.

Body: Articulates with costal cartilages of Ribs 3-6.

Xiphoid Process: Attachment point for Rib 7 via xiphisternal joint.

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6
Q

External Occipital Protuberance

A

Ligamentum nuchae attaches here.

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7
Q

Mandible
- Angle
- Condyle
- Coronoid process

A

Angle: Medial pterygoid m. inserts on the medial surface of the angle.

Condyle: participates in the TMJ joint which is a combined hinge & synovial joint.

Coronoid Process: Temporalis m. inserts here.

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8
Q

Zygomatic Arch

A

Masseter m. originates here.

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9
Q

Scapula
- Spine
- Coracoid process
- Acromion
- Inferior Angle
- Medial Border
- Lateral Border
- Infraspinatus fossa
- Supraspinatus fossa

A

Spine: posterior deltoid fibers originate here

Coracoid process: Short head of biceps brachii m. originates here.

Acromion: Lateral deltoid fibers originate here.

Inferior Angle: At the level of ~ T7 SP.

Medial Border: Rhomboids insert here.

Lateral Border: Teres major & minor originate here.

Infraspinatus fossa: Infraspinatus m. originates here.

Supraspinatus fossa: Supraspinatus m. originates here.

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10
Q

Clavicle
- Sternal end
- Acromial end
- body

A

Sternal end: Sternoclavicular ligament attaches here.

Acromial end: Acromioclavicular ligament attaches here.

Body: Subclavius m. attaches to the subclavian groove inferior body.
Or pec . major

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11
Q

Humerus
- Greater Tubercle
- Lesser Tubercle
- Medial Epicondyle
- Lateral Epicondyle

A

Greater Tubercle: 3 rotator cuff muscles insert here (Supra & infraspinatus + Teres minor)

Lesser Tubercle: Subscapularis inserts here.

Medial epicondyle: Common origin of anterior flexor compartment m. of forearm via common flexor tendon.

Lateral epicondyle: Common origin of posterior flexor compartment m. of forearm via common extensor tendon.

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12
Q

Ulna
- Head
- Olecranon process

A

Head: Head of the ulna articulates with the ulnar notch of radius.

Olecranon process: Triceps brachii inserts here.

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13
Q

Radius
- Styloid process

A

Brachioradialis inserts just proximal to the styloid process.

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14
Q

Carpal Bones
- Scaphoid
- Pisiform
- Hook of Hamate

A

Scaphoid: Abductor Pollicis Brevis originates here.
-floor of anatomical snuffbox.

Pisiform: Flexor Carpi ulnaris inserts here.
-part of the carpal tunnel.

Hook of Hamate: Flexor Carpi Ulnaris inserts here.

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15
Q

Hip Bone
- Iliac Crest
- Iliac Fossa
- ASIS
- Ischial Tuberosity

A

Iliac Crest: Tensor fascia lata originates here.

Iliac Fossa: iliacus m. originates here.

ASIS: Sartorius m. originates here.

Ischial Tuberosity: Biceps femoris m long head originates here.

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16
Q

Femur
- Greater Trochanter
- Condyle
- Epicondyle

A

Greater Trochanter: piriformis inserts here.

Condyle: Gastrocnemius (medial & lateral head) originates on medial & lateral condyle.

Epicondyle:
Medial epicondyle: Medial (tibial) collateral ligament originates here.
Lateral epicondyle: Lateral fibular collateral ligament originates here.

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17
Q

Patella
- Base
- Apex
- Medial border
- Lateral Border

A

Base: Rectus femoris m. attaches here.

Apex: Patella tendon/ligament originates here.

Lateral Border: Vastus lateralis m. attaches here.

Medial border: Vastus Medialis m. attaches here.

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18
Q

Tibia
- Lateral Condyle
- Medial Condyle
- Tibial Tuberosity
- Medial Malleolus

A

Lateral condyle: Biceps femoris inserts here.

Medial condyle: Semimembranosus inserts here.

Tibial tuberosity: All 4 quads insert here.

Medial Malleolus: Articulates with Talus.

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19
Q

Fibia
- Head
- Neck
- Lateral Malleolus

A

Head: Biceps femoris inserts here /articulates with lateral condyle

Neck: The neck is on the proximal fibia just distal to the head.

Lateral Malleolus: Articulates with talus.

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20
Q

Erector Spinae M.

A

O: Sacrum
I: Spine (SPs & TVPs of cervical & thoracic + cranium)
N: Posterior rami of spinal n.
Action: Extend vertebral column

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21
Q

SCM

A

O: Medial 1/3 Clavicle & Manubrium
I: Mastoid process (temporal bone) & Superior nuchal line (lateral 1/2)
N: CN XI: Accessory N.
Action:
1. Contralateral rotation of head & neck
2. Lateral flexion of head & neck
3. Flexion of lower neck

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22
Q

Scalenes

A

O: Cervical TVP
I: Rib 1 & 2 (Anterior & middle), Rib 1 (posterior)
N: Anterior rami of cervical spinal n.
Action:
1. Lateral flexion
2. Raise rib during forced inspiration

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23
Q

Temporalis m.

A

O: Temporal fosse
I: coronoid process & anterior border of ramus
N: Mandibular n.
Action:
1. Elevation
2. Retraction

**to activate: clench teeth

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24
Q

Masseter

A

O: Zygomatic arch
I: Lateral surface of ramus
N: Mandibular n.
Action:
1. Elevation
2. Protection

**to activate: clench

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25
Rectus Abdominis
O: Pubic crest & symphysis pubis I: Xiphoid process & ribs 5 - 7 N: Intercostal n. Action: 1. Trunk flexion 2. posterior pelvic tilt 3. compress abdominal contents
26
External Abdominal Oblique
O: External surface of lower 8 ribs I: Linea alba, Iliac crest & pubic tubercle N: Intercostal n. Action: 1. Contralateral rotation 2. Flexion of trunk 3. compress abdominal contents
27
Rhomboids Minor & Major.
Rhomboids MINOR: O: SPs C7 & T1 I: medial border of scapula @ spine Rhomboids MAJOR: O: SPs T2 - T5 I: Medial border of scapula inferior to spine BOTH: N: Dorsal scapular n. Action: 1. Retraction of spine *** 2. Elevation of spine 3. Downward rotation
28
Trapezius m.
O: Upper: External occipital protuberance & medial superior nuchal line. Middle: SPs T1-T5 Lower: SPs T6-T12 I: Clavicle (lateral 1/3), acromion, spine N: Spinal accessory n. Action: Upper: Elevation & uoward rotation Middle: Retraction Lower: Depression & upward rotation
29
Latissimus Dorsi
O: Sps T7 to L5, Ilium & scaral crests, lower 4 ribs (thoracodorsal fascia) I: Floor of Intertubercular groove N: Thoracodrosal n. Action: 1. Extension of arm 2. Adduction of arm 3. Medial rotation of arm 4. Anterior pelvic tilts **To activate: adduct against resistance.
30
Serratus Anterior
O: Upper 9 Ribs I: Anterior surface of medial boarder of scapula N: Long thoracic n. Action: 1. Protraction 2. Upward rotation **to activate: boxer punch against resistance
31
Pectoralis major
O: Clavicle (medial 1/2) & sternum (1-7 costal cartilages) I: Lateral lip Intertubercular groove N: Medial & lateral pectoral n. Action: 1. Flexion of arm 2. Horizontal adduction & adduction ** 3. Medial rotation
32
Deltoid m.
O: Anterior: Lateral clavicle Lateral: Acromion Posterior: Spine of scapula I: Deltoid tuberosity (humerus) N: Axillary n. Action: 1. Abduction of arm (all) 2. Medial rotation & flexion (anterior) 3. Lateral rotation & extensions (posterior)
33
Subscapularis m.
O: Subscapularis fossa I: Lesser tubercle (humerus) N: Upper & lower subscapularis n. Action: 1. Medial rotation of arm @ shoulder joint
34
Supraspinatus m.
O: Supraspinatus fossa I: Greater tubercle (humerus) N: Suprascapular n. Action: 1. Abduction of arm @ shoulder joint
35
Infraspinatus m
O: Infraspinatus fossa I: Greater tubercle (humerus) N: Suprascapular n. Action: 1. Lateral rotation 2. horizontal abduction **To activate external rotation against resistance
36
Teres Minor
O: Lateral border of scapula I: Greater tubercle (humerus) N: Axillary n. Action: 1. Lateral rotation
37
Teres Major
O: Lateral border of scapula I: Medial lip of inter tubercular groove (Humerus) N: Upper & lower sub scapular n. Action: 1. Extension 2. Adduction 3. Medial rotation **To activate: adduct against resistance
38
Biceps brachii
O: Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle (scapula) Short head: Coracoid process (scapula) I: Radial tuberosity & forearm fascia via biceps aponeurosis N: Musculocutaneous n. Action: 1. Flex forarm @ elbow joint 2. Supination of forearm @ elbow joint 3. Flex arm @ shoulder joint (long head)
39
Triceps Brachii
O: Long: Infraglenoid tubercle (scapula) Lateral: Lateral, posterior humerus (Superior to radial groove) Medial: Medial, posterior humerus (inferior to radial groove) I: Olecranon process (ulna) N: Radial n. Action: 1. Extension of forearm @ elbow joint 2. Extension of arm @ shoulder joint (long head)
40
Pronator teres
O: Humeral head: Medial epicondyle (CFT) Ulnar head: Coronoid process (ulna) I: Radius N: Median n. Action: 1. Pronate forearm 2. Weak forearm flexion
41
Flexor Carpi Radialis
O: Medial epicondyle (CFT) I: Base of 2nd & 3rd metacarpal N: Median n. Action: 1. Flex hand @ wrist joint 2. Radial deviate 3. Weak forearm flexion
42
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
O: Humeral: Medial Epicondyle (CFT) Ulnar: olecranon + posterior border I: Base of 5th metacarpal, hook of hamate, pisiform N: Ulnar n. Action: 1. Flex hand @ wrist joint 2. Ulnar deviate 3. Weak forearm flexion
43
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
O: Humero-ulnar head: Medial epicondyle (CFT) + coronoid process Radial head: Radius I: Base of middle phalanges (2 - 5) N: Median n. Action: 1. Flex hand @ wrist 2. Flex digits 2 - 5 @ MCP & PIP points 3. Weak forearm flexion
44
Brachioradialis
O: Supracondylar ridge (humerus) I: Proximal to styloid process of radius N: Radial n. Action: 1. Flex forearm **To activate: Flex against resistance in mid-pronation
45
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
O: Supracondylar rideg (humerus) I: Base of 2nd metacarpal N: Radial n. Action: 1. Extend hand @ wrist joint 2. Radial deviate 3. Weak elbow flexion
46
Extensor digitorum?
O: Lateral epicondyle (CET) I: Dorsal digital expansion N: Radial n. Action: 1. Extend hand @ wrist joint 2. Extend digits 2-5 @ MCP, PIP, & DIP joint. 3. Weal elbow extension **to activate extend fingers against resistance or flutter fingers
47
Abductor Pollicis Longus
O: Radius, ulna & interosseous membrane I: Base of 1st metacarpal N: Radial n. Action: 1. Abduction of thumb @ CMC joint 2. Extension of thumb @ CMC joint 3. Radial deviation **To activate: Abduct thumb. Very outside of snuff box.
48
Abductor Pollicis Brevis
O: Flexor retinaculum, scaphoid & trapezium I: Base of proximal phalanx N: Medial n. Action: 1. Abduction of thumb
49
Flexor Pollicis Brevis
O: Flexor retinaculum & Trapezium I: Base of proximal phalanx N: Median n. Action: 1. Flexion of thumb
50
Dorsal Interossei
O: Adjacent sides of metacarpals I: Dorsal Digital expansion & base of proximal phalangers 2-4 N: Ulnar n. Action: 1. Abduction of fingers 2, 3, 4 2. TATA = Flexion of MCP joint and extension of PIP & DIP joint (2,3,4)
51
Tensor Fascia Lata
O: Lateral ASIS & anterior iliac crest I: Gerdy's tubercle (tibia) via ITB band N: Superior gluteal n. Action: 1. Flex of thigh @ hip joint 2. Abduction of thigh @ hip joint 3. Medial rotation of thigh @ hip joint 4. Tenses ITB to support femur on tibia standing ** to activate: abduct against resistance
52
Sartorius
O: ASIS I: proximal medial tibial shaft N: Femoral n. Action: 1. Flexion of leg @ knee joint 2. Flexion of thigh @ hip joint 3. External rotation @ hip joint **To activate: Flex hip & knee
53
Biceps femoris?
O: Long: ischial tuberosity Short: Linea aspera I: Fibula head & lateral condyle of tibia N: Tibular (long) & fibular/peroneal (short) Action: 1. Flex leg @ hip joint 2.Extend thigh @ hip joint 3. Lateral rotation of leg @ knee joint (when knee flexed)
54
Semitendinosus
O: Ischial tuberosity I: Proximal medial tibial shaft N: Tibial n. Action: 1. Hip extension 2. Knee flexion 3. Medial rotation @ knee joint (when knee flexed) **To activate: To activate: Hip extension & knee flex against resistance. Palpate medial at above knee.
55
Rectus Femoris
O: Straight/anterior head: AIIS Reflected/Posterior head: Groove above acetabulum brim I: Base of petalla via quad tendon & tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament N:Femoral n. Action: 1. Extension of the leg @ knee joint 2. Flexion of thigh @ hip joint
56
Vastus Medialis
O: Intertrochanteric line, linea aspera (medial lip) & Medial supracondylar line. I: Medial border of patella via quad tendon & tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon N: Femoral n. Action: 1. Extension of leg @ knee joint
57
Adductor Muscles (as a group) 1. Pectineus 2. Adductor longus 3. Adductor brevis 4. Adductor Magnus 5.Gracilis
O: Pubic ramus, pubis & Ischium I: linea aspera of femur N: obturator n. EXCEPT Magnus post head = tibial n Pectineus = femoral n. Action: 1. Adduction
58
Gastrocnemius
O: Medial & lateral condyles of femur I: Calcaneous via achilles tendon N: Tibial n. Action: 1. Plantar Flexion of foot @ ankle joint 2. Flexion of leg @ knee joint
59
Shoulder joint?
Synovial ball & Socket flexion/extension abduction/adduction lateral & medial rotation & circumduction
60
Elbow joint
Synovial hinge joint flexion/extension
61
Radiocarpal (wrist) joint
Synovial Condyloid/ellipsoid joint Flexion/extension abduction/adduction
62
First carpometacarpal joint
Modified Saddle joint (synovial) Flexion & extension Abudction & adduction Rotation (opposition)
63
Metacarpophalangeal joint?
Condyloid/ellipsoid joint Flexion/extension abduction/adduction
64
PIP & DIP Joints
Synovial Hinge joints Flexion & extension
65
Hip joint
Synovial ball & socket Flexion & extension abduction & adduction lateral & medial rotation
66
Knee joint?
3 joints: Medial & lateral tibio-femoral = modified hinge joint - flexion & extension - lateral & medial rotation Patellar-femoral joint = synovial planar joint -slide & glide

MSK100 (22 decks)

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