updated acid base balance Flashcards
what is ROME used for in ABG ?
respiratory opposite
metabolic equal
if it is respiratory acidosis what is the cause and the most common associated scenario ?
hypoventilation due to opiates use
if it is respiratory alkalosis what is the cause and the most common associated scenario ?
hyperventilation and pulmonary embolism and salicylates ( early ) but later on salicylates cause metabolic acidosis high anion gap
what are the causes of metabolic alkalosis ?
HA LV
loop diuretics
vomiting
antacids
hyperaldosteronism
what is the pH for the diagnosis of aciidosis ?
less than 7.38
what is the pH for the diagnosis of alkalosis ?
more than 7.44
how is the respiiratory ccontrol of pH achieved ?
through CO2 levels eexchanged iin thee lungs
how is the metabolic control of pH achieved ?
through the renal control of hydrogen and bicarb levels
what are the causes of elevated anion gap in metabolic acidosis ?
MUDPILES
methanol
uremia
diabetic ketoacidosis
paraldehyde
irron,isoniazid
lactic acidosis
ethanol
salicylates
what are the causes of metabolic acidosis with a non elevated anion gap ?
HARDUP
hyperchloremia
acetazolamide
renal tubular acidosis
diarrhea
ureteral diversion
pancreatic fistula
how is compensation calculated ?
pco2 = 1.5(HCo3) + 8 +- 2
to give u a range
if the pco2 falls in this range then iit is compensated
what is the normal anion gap
8-12
