neuromuscular disease Flashcards
what are the main types of anterior horn cell disease ?
primary disease of motor neurons
spinal cord pathology
what disease fall under primary disease of motor neurons?
MND
ALS
poliomyelitis
what diseases fall under spinal cord pathology ?
spinal cord infarction
syringomyelia
UMN and LMN ?
ALS
pure UMN ?
primary lateral sclerosis
pure LMN ?
progressive muscular atrophy
how to differentiate between bulbar and pseudo bulbar ?
tongue depressor test
what medication can be given for MND ?
riluzole
what are the single causes of mixed UMN and LMN signs?
freds- fredrich ataxia tabby- taboporesis cat - cervical spondylosis seeks - subacute combined degeneration of the cord mice - motor neuron disease
what could be the cause of subacute combined degeneration of the cord ?
B12 deficiency
what could be the cause of taboporesis ?
syphillus
what is cauda equina syndrome ?
severe type of spinal stenosis and the symptoms include sciatica on both sides. weakness or numbness in both legs along with numbness around or under your genitals, or around your anus
what are myotomes ?
muscles supplied by spinal cord
what is the most common example of hereditary sensory and motor neuropathy neuropathy ?
charcot marie tooth
what are the types of charcot marie tooth ?
type 1 which is demyelinating
type 2 which is axonal
what type of disease is guilliane barre ?
an autoimmune demyelinating disease
what is the chronic form of GBS ?
CIDP
chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculopathy
>8 weeks frrom onset
what is the nature of pain in small fibre neuropathy ?
painful and burning sensations nerve conduction is usually normal
what is the most common nerve affected in DM ?
Cranial mononeuropathy III
what is the disease course like in CIDP ?
relapsing remitting
what is the genetic abnormality in CMT ?
PMP22 gene duplication
what is the weakness like in CMT ?
progressive distal weakness
what is Gullian barre syndrome often precipitated by ?
infection such as viral or campylobacter , post vaccination
aw ay 7aga respiratory or GIT
what is the presentation in gullian barre ?
Progressive ascending symmetrical limb weakness (usually starting with the lower limbs)
Lower back pain due to radiculopathy
Paraesthesia, often preceding motor symptoms
lower motor neeuurron signs
what can be done to treat GBS ?
IVIg
what type of neuromuscular disease does lyme disease cause ?
non compressive radiculopathy
what is the presentation of Charcot marie tooth disease ?
onset is usually at puberty , starts with affection of the feet then makes its way to thee hands
champagne bottle legs
pes cavus
claw hand
what are the signs of LMNL ?
hypotonia
flaccid paralysis
what is miller fisher syndrome ?
one of the forms of GBS and is associated with anti-GQ1B antibodies
what is usually found in the CSF of patients with GBS ?
Albuminocytologic dissociation
fasiculations are characteristic of which level of affection ?
AHC
diurnal variation associated with which level of affection ?
NMJ
