introduction nto renal medicine Flashcards
what does the afferent arteriole deliver to the nephron ?
arterial blood
what does the efferent arteriole transport ?
filtered blood from the nephron
what does the PCT absorb ?
sodium water bicarb chloride and nearly 100% of glucose (selective reabsorption)
where is the primary site of secretion of drugs and waste ?
PCT
what does the DCT reabsorb ?
calcium sodium and chloride
what is secreted in the DCT in order to regulate pH of the urine ?
protons are secreted whilst bicarbonates are reabsorbed
in order to regulate the pH of the urine
which part of the nephron contributes to the counter current multiplier ?
ascending and descending loop of henle
how does the ascending loop of henle contribute to the counter current multiplier ?
saves salt and passes the water
how does the descending loop of henle contribute to the counter current multiplier effect ?
by saving water and passing the salt
what are the three steps required for the formation of urine ?
ultrafiltration
reabsorption along the nephrons
secretion from blood to tubule
what are podocytes also commonly known as ?
visceral epithelial cells
what are the three components of the juxtaglomerular apparatus ?
juxtaglomerular cells
macula densa
extraglomerular mesangial cells
how is renal blood pressure maintained ?
release of renin which allows for angiotensin 1 and 2 to be released allowing the release of aldosterone which then allows for the reabsorption of NaCl on the DCT
where is aldosterone released from ?
the adrenal glands
what is the function of the macula densa?
it monitors the salt conc of the blood and if it is too high then it inhibits the release of renin
