Unit VII Enlightenment Flashcards
Copernicus
heliocentric theory
“on the revolutions of heavenly spheres”
Brahe
recorded movements of all the known planets
kepler
formed three laws of planetary motion
carried on Brahe’s data
Newton
created laws of gravity
“Principia”
Bacon
inductive method
Descartes
deductive method
analytic geometry
vesalius
the structure of the human body
harvey
circulatory system
Pascal
reason and faith
computation adding machine
Hevelius and Winkelmann
women who studied astronomy
Cavendish
wrote a criticism against the royal science community.
Chatelet
aided Voltaire
translated Newton’s Principia
The seventeenth century’s most original political philosopher, Thomas Hobbes, believed in which form of government?
absolutism
The new emphasis on mechanism meant that
Europeans viewed nature in more utilitarian terms
The essential foundation of the witch hunts was
a belief in magical power.
In the scientific revolution
individuals increased their understanding of the natural world.
Was Nicolaus Copernicus a radical?
yes
Galileo Galilei funded his experiments through
patrons
Descartes put his ultimate faith in
God, who he believed served as a guarantor of human reason
Descartes believes the first priority of scientists should be to
Preserve and improve human health
What was Pascal’s basic attitude toward science and rationalism?
They were overrated
The new scientists tried to explain the world in terms of
mechanical metaphors
