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Spinal anatomy > Unit Two Sacrum And Pelvis > Flashcards

Unit Two Sacrum And Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

The sacrum is located where

A

The base of the spine

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2
Q

How many segments in the sacrum

A

5 fused segments

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3
Q

What is the shape of the sacrum

A

Inverted triangle

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4
Q

Describe the shape of the sacrum

A

Concave to the anterior and positioned so the base is more anterior than the apex

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5
Q

What body is the base of the sacrum

A

S1

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6
Q

Where is the widest portion of the sacrum

A

From left to right

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7
Q

Sacral alae AKA

A

Lateral sacral masses

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8
Q

What is the sacral promontory

A

The base of the sacrum

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9
Q

Superior articular process of the sacrum articulates with what

A

The last lumbar normally the L5

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10
Q

The facets of the sacrum face

A

Coronary (front to back) than sagittally (left or right)

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11
Q

When do the sacral vertebrae fuse fully

A

At age 30

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12
Q

Characteristics of the female sacrum

A

Shorter, wider and more curved

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13
Q

The sacral canal is a continuation of the

A

Vertebral canal

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14
Q

Sacral vertebrae connect the spine to what

A

The pelvic girdle at the sacroiliac joint

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15
Q

The auricular or the articular surface of the sacrum is also the

A

Lateral surface

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16
Q

What joint is at the articular surface of the sacrum

A

SI joint

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17
Q

Where is the sacral tuberosity on the sacrum

A

A rough prominence on the lateral surface of the sacrum posterior to the articular surface

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18
Q

What attaches to the sacral tuberosity of the sacrum

A

Posteriorsacroiliac ligaments

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19
Q

What is the lateral inferior angle of the sacrum

A

Lateral aspect of the last two segments

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20
Q

Where is the rough surface of the sacrum located

A

Posterior

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21
Q

Where is the superior articular process located on the sacrum

A

Posterior

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22
Q

Where is the medians sacral crest located on the sacrum

A

Posterior

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23
Q

Where are the sacral grooves located on the sacrum

A

Posterior

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24
Q

Where are the articular (intermediates) sacral crest located on the sacrum

A

Posterior

25
Q

How many posterior sacral foramina

A

8 individual which is four pairs

26
Q

What is analogous to the TVP on the sacrum

A

Lateral sacral crest

27
Q

What is the only normally (naturally) occurring spina bifida in the vertebral column

A

Sacral hiatus

28
Q

What is the last pair of articular processes in the sacrum

A

Sacral cornua

29
Q

Describe male pelvis

A

Sacrum is narrow but longer, oriented vertically, lumbosacral angle decreased

30
Q

Describe female pelvis

A

Sacrum is wider and shorter, oriented horizontally, lumbosacral angle increased, anterior surface more curved

31
Q

What does Qangle mean

A

Quadriceps angle

32
Q

What sex has a larger Q angle

A

Female

33
Q

How many fused segments in a coccyx

A

4

34
Q

What type of ossification in a coccyx

A

Primary center of ossification

35
Q

How does the coccyx segment form

A

Develop one every five years

36
Q

When do the segments of the coccyx fuse completely together

A

Between ages 25 and 30

37
Q

When is the last segment formed of the coccyx

A

Age 20

38
Q

Shape of coccyx

A

Triangle

39
Q

Describe the shape of the SI joint

A

Inverted L or C shape

40
Q

The articular capsule of the SI joint is located where

A

Anterior surface

41
Q

What attaches to the posterior aspect of the SI joint

A

Only ligaments and muscles

42
Q

Where is the nerve supply of the SI joints

A

S1 and S2 segments

43
Q

What may be responsible for 50% of all low back pain

A

SI joint

44
Q

What is the movement of the SI joint

A

2 mm of 2 degrees of motion

45
Q

How many different type of joints in the pelvic ring

A

5

46
Q

What are the five joins in the pelvic ring

A

Lumbosacral zagapophyseal joints, anterior L/S joint (disc), coxal joint, SI joints, symphysis pubis

47
Q

What is the total number of joints in the pelvic ring

A

8

48
Q

Function of the movement of the SI joint is to convert the pelvis into a resilient accommodating receptacle that is essential to ease

A

Locomotion, weight bearing and shock absorption

49
Q

Nutation means

A

To nod

50
Q

What is nutation

A

Forward (anterior) movement of the sacral base with relationship to the ilium (SI joint), pelvis and lumbar vertebrae

51
Q

What happens to the ilium in nutation

A

Comes together in posterior and widens in front

52
Q

What is counter nutation

A

Sacral base moves posterior in relation to the ilium, pelvis and lumbar vertebrae

53
Q

What happens to the ilium

A

Opens in the back and comes together in front

54
Q

What is another type of movement of the ilium in regards to the sacrum

A

Rotator or figure 8

55
Q

When does movement in the SI become a problem

A

When it sticks or becomes fixed or restricted this is known as subluxation

56
Q

When does degeneration begins and mobility decreases of the SI joint

A

4th decade or 30’s

57
Q

When does total fibrous degeneration occur and movement changes in the SI joint

A

8th decade or 70’s

58
Q

Women appear to be more susceptible to SI joint problems than males because

A

Q angle or giving birth due to SI joints opening and closing

Spinal anatomy (18 decks)

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