Unit Five - Energetics - Leaf Structure

Question 1

What are the five layers of the leaf? (5)

Answer 1

1. Waxy Layer
2. Upper Epidermis
3. Palisade Layer
4. Spongy Layer
5. Lower Epidermis

Question 2

What is the waxy layer of the leaf? (3)

Answer 2

1. Made up of Cutin
2. Lipid, repels water
3. Prevents water loss from the surface of the leaf

Question 3

What is the epidermis of the leaf?

Answer 3

Protects the internal structures of the leaf.

Question 4

What is the Palisade layer? (3)

Answer 4

1. Mesophyll
2. Most photosynthesis occurs HERE
3. Tightly packed chloroplasts

Question 5

What is the spongy layer? (3)

Answer 5

1. Mesophyll
2. Photosynthesis can occur
3. High Gas exchange

Question 6

What makes the spongy layer so good for gas exchange? (4)

Answer 6

1. Loose Structure
2. Interconnected air passage
3. Moist membrane (dissolve gases for fac. diff.)
4. Close location to the stomata

Question 7

What is mesophyll?

Answer 7

Tightly packed cells that contain chloroplasts

Question 8

What are guard cells?

Answer 8

Regulate the opening of the stomata

Question 9

What happens to the stomata when it is opened and closed? (4/3)

Answer 9

Open:
1. Turgid - Swollen w/ water
2. Causes cells to bends away from each other, opening the stomata
3. H20 & C02 enters (Hypotonic)
4. H20 Vapor (Transpiration) & O2 exits

Closed:
1. Flaccid - Shrunk
2. Causes cells to flatten towards each other,closing the stomata
3. Hypertonic Conditions: Water exits

Question 10

What is the stomata? (2)

Answer 10

1. Opening in center of guard cell
2. GAS EXCHANGE

Question 11

How does the stomata open and close?

Answer 11

In response to pressure in the guard cells

Question 12

What is Transpiration?

Answer 12

Guard cells open to release water vapor

Question 13

What is the Xylem? (3)

Answer 13

1. Transports H20 UP
2. From the Roots to Leaves
3. Capillary Action

Question 14

What is the Phloem?

Answer 14

Moves Sugars/Food up and down