Unit 9.3

Question 1

Group dynamics

Answer 1

= Dynamic social processes in groups, and specifically to changes that occur in groups that trigger actions and reactions from members of the group

-The way group members influence each other’s behaviour and how they contribute to group behaviour or group identity

Question 2

Concepts typically used by I-O psychologists in Group Dynamics

Answer 2

-Dependency
-Fight or flight
-Pairing with members who are powerful
-Me-ness
-We-ness

Question 3

We-ness

Answer 3

Group members pursue unity

Question 4

Me-ness

Answer 4

When individuals separate themselves cognitively or emotionally from the group to maintain individual freedom which affects cohesion and collaboration

Question 5

Fight or flight

Answer 5

when group members either rebel against the leader or withdraw from the situation

Question 6

Dependency

Answer 6

When the group as a system experiences anxiety,

Question 7

Group cohesion

Answer 7

= Refers to degree members are attracted to one another and motivated to stay in the group

Influenced by the following factors:
-Time spent together

-Exclusivity of the group

-Group size

-Member orientation

-External threats

-Previous successes

Question 8

Trust

Answer 8

= A positive expectation that a person will not through words, actions, decisions or act in an opportunistic manner

Question 9

Factors contributing to building trust

Answer 9

-Integrity
-Competence
-Consistency
-Loyalty
-Openness

Question 10

Integrity

Answer 10

Honesty and truthfulness

Question 11

Competence

Answer 11

Technical and interpersonal knowledge and skills

Question 12

Consistency

Answer 12

Reliability, predictability and good judgement

Question 13

Loyalty

Answer 13

Willingness to protect and save face for a person

Question 14

Openness

Answer 14

Characterised by willingness to share ideas and information freely

Question 15

Group-think

Answer 15

-When group processes (cohesion / conformity) work against the effectiveness of the group

-Group pressures force conformity to norms which deters groups from critically appraising unpopular views

Question 16

Group-shift

Answer 16

-Special case of group-think

-Members shift or exaggerate their original position

Question 17

Organisational culture

Answer 17

= An interdependent set of beliefs, values, behavioural tendencies and tools that become so common to an organisation that they maintain themselves over long periods of time

-Consist of observable and unobservable aspects

-Directs behaviour

Question 18

Observable aspects of organisational culture

Answer 18

aspects such as dress code, myths, jargon and distinct behaviour patterns.

Question 19

Unobservable aspects of organisational culture

Answer 19

shared values, norms, beliefs and assumptions of the organisation’s
members

Question 20

How is organisational culture formed?

Answer 20

1. The founder of an organisation brings a specific philosophy into the organisation.
2. The management of an organisation influences the organisational culture through its actions and words

3.The nature of the organisation itself also influences the development of an organisational culture.