Unit 9.3 Flashcards
Group dynamics
= Dynamic social processes in groups, and specifically to changes that occur in groups that trigger actions and reactions from members of the group
-The way group members influence each other’s behaviour and how they contribute to group behaviour or group identity
Concepts typically used by I-O psychologists in Group Dynamics
-Dependency
-Fight or flight
-Pairing with members who are powerful
-Me-ness
-We-ness
We-ness
Group members pursue unity
Me-ness
When individuals separate themselves cognitively or emotionally from the group to maintain individual freedom which affects cohesion and collaboration
Fight or flight
when group members either rebel against the leader or withdraw from the situation
Dependency
When the group as a system experiences anxiety,
Group cohesion
= Refers to degree members are attracted to one another and motivated to stay in the group
Influenced by the following factors:
-Time spent together
-Exclusivity of the group
-Group size
-Member orientation
-External threats
-Previous successes
Trust
= A positive expectation that a person will not through words, actions, decisions or act in an opportunistic manner
Factors contributing to building trust
-Integrity
-Competence
-Consistency
-Loyalty
-Openness
Integrity
Honesty and truthfulness
Competence
Technical and interpersonal knowledge and skills
Consistency
Reliability, predictability and good judgement
Loyalty
Willingness to protect and save face for a person
Openness
Characterised by willingness to share ideas and information freely
Group-think
-When group processes (cohesion / conformity) work against the effectiveness of the group
-Group pressures force conformity to norms which deters groups from critically appraising unpopular views
Group-shift
-Special case of group-think
-Members shift or exaggerate their original position
Organisational culture
= An interdependent set of beliefs, values, behavioural tendencies and tools that become so common to an organisation that they maintain themselves over long periods of time
-Consist of observable and unobservable aspects
-Directs behaviour
Observable aspects of organisational culture
aspects such as dress code, myths, jargon and distinct behaviour patterns.
Unobservable aspects of organisational culture
shared values, norms, beliefs and assumptions of the organisation’s
members
How is organisational culture formed?
- The founder of an organisation brings a specific philosophy into the organisation.
- The management of an organisation influences the organisational culture through its actions and words
3.The nature of the organisation itself also influences the development of an organisational culture.
