Unit 6.2

Question 1

Management-centred theories of motivation

Answer 1

McGregor’s Theories X and Y and the self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 2

Principles involved in setting effective goals:

Answer 2

-Specific – restricted to a particular result

-Measurable – specific criteria against which it can be measured

-Achievable – not too difficult or too easy

-Realistic – based on the employee’s abilities and circumstances

-Time frame – linked to completion in the form of deadlines

Question 3

Theory X

Answer 3

if managers believe employees to be lazy, responsibility-averse and untrustworthy this tends to be the behaviour they get from their employees

Question 4

Theory Y

Answer 4

if managers believe that their employees want to work hard, embrace responsibility, act in a trustworthy manner and are motivated by doing a good job their employees are likely to prove their beliefs to be true

Question 5

homeostatic drive theory

Answer 5

States that the human body aims to maintain a balanced state (or homeostasis) through glandular or brain functions

-its elements are :
*homeostatic mechanism
*corrective mechanism
*prospective element

Question 6

prospective element

Answer 6

that helps people predict future changes that may occur

Question 7

corrective mechanism

Answer 7

makes alterations when it detects a significant deviation

Question 8

homeostatic mechanism

Answer 8

has a set point that identifies the ideal range for itself