Unit 9: Topic 7 - Resistance to Globalization Flashcards
Muhammad Yunus
A Bangladeshi economist and social entrepreneur who is best known as the founder of the Grameen Bank, a pioneer in microfinance and the concept of microcredit. He is widely regarded as the “father of microfinance,” and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2006 for his work in creating economic and social development from below. Yunus has also been an advocate for social business, a model of entrepreneurship that aims to balance financial and social goals.
Theresa May
A British politician who served as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from July 2016 to July 2019. She was the second female Prime Minister in British history, after Margaret Thatcher. As Prime Minister, May’s main priority was to negotiate the terms of the UK’s exit from the European Union, commonly referred to as Brexit. However, her proposed Brexit deal was rejected multiple times by the UK Parliament, leading to her resignation in 2019.
Manal al-Sharif
A Saudi Arabian activist and women’s rights advocate. She is best known for her role in the women’s right-to-drive movement in Saudi Arabia and her activism in challenging the ban on women driving in the country. In 2011, al-Sharif filmed herself driving a car and posted the video on YouTube, sparking a widespread debate on women’s rights in Saudi Arabia and inspiring other women to follow suit. Al-Sharif’s activism has earned her international recognition and she has been honored by several organizations for her efforts to promote women’s rights.
child labor
The employment of children in any work that interferes with their education or is harmful to their physical, mental, or emotional well-being. Child labor encompasses a wide range of activities, from dangerous and exploitative work in hazardous industries to less harmful forms of employment in the informal sector. Children who engage in child labor are often denied access to education, health care, and basic human rights, and are at risk of exploitation and abuse.
Rana Plaza factory
A factory complex located in Dhaka, Bangladesh housed several garment factories. On April 24, 2013, the complex collapsed, killing over 1,100 workers and injuring thousands more. The disaster was one of the deadliest industrial accidents in modern history and brought international attention to the poor working conditions and lack of safety regulations in the Bangladeshi garment industry. The Rana Plaza collapse highlighted the need for improved working conditions, better labor laws, and increased corporate responsibility in the global garment industry, and led to increased efforts by labor organizations, governments, and companies to improve workers’ rights and conditions in Bangladesh and around the world.
ecotourism
A type of sustainable tourism that focuses on environmental conservation and the promotion of environmentally responsible travel. It typically involves visiting natural areas and engaging in activities that promote environmental awareness and support local communities. The goal of ecotourism is to promote environmental conservation and provide economic benefits to local communities while minimizing negative impacts on the environment and local cultures.
human rights
The basic rights and freedoms to which all individuals are entitled, regardless of their race, gender, nationality, religion, or any other status. These rights are considered to be universal, inalienable, and equal for all people. The concept of human rights emerged in the aftermath of World War II and was formalized in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948.
fair trade
An economic and social movement that aims to promote more equitable and sustainable trade relationships between producers in developing countries and consumers in developed countries. The goal of fair trade is to provide better prices, working conditions, and fair wages for workers, as well as to support environmental sustainability and the empowerment of communities in developing countries.
sustainable development
A concept that aims to meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It is a holistic approach to development that considers the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of progress.
debt relief
The reduction or cancellation of a borrower’s debt burden, often granted by a creditor or group of creditors in response to a country or individual’s inability to repay their loans. It can involve a reduction in the amount of debt owed, a reduction in the interest rate, or an extension of the repayment period.
debt restructuring
The process of modifying the terms of a borrower’s outstanding debt obligations in order to make the repayment of that debt more manageable or sustainable. This can involve a variety of measures, such as extending the repayment period, reducing the interest rate, converting debt into equity, or exchanging debt for other assets.
Brexit
Refers to the United Kingdoms’ departure from the European Union. The UK held a referendum on its membership in the EU on June 23, 2016, and a majority of voters (52%) chose to leave the EU. The UK officially left the EU on January 31, 2020, after a transition period that ended on December 31, 2020.
Brexit has significant implications for the UK’s trade, political, and regulatory relationships with the EU and the rest of the world. The UK is now free to negotiate its own trade deals and to set its own laws and regulations, independent of the EU. However, the UK is also facing new barriers to trade with the EU, its largest trading partner, which has led to uncertainty and disruption for businesses and individuals.
Uighur
A predominantly Muslim ethnic group native to the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region in northwestern China. They have their own distinct culture, language, and history, and have faced political and cultural repression by the Chinese government in recent decades.
Amazon
A multinational technology company based in Seattle, Washington that was founded in 1994 by Jeff Bezos, and has since become one of the largest e-commerce and cloud computing companies in the world. Amazon originally started as an online bookstore but has since expanded its offerings to include a vast array of products and services, including electronics, clothing, home goods, groceries, and much more. It also offers a range of services such as streaming media, web hosting, and cloud storage.
A Chinese microblogging website and social media platform, similar to Twitter, that launched in 2009 and has since become one of the largest social media platforms in China, with over 500 million monthly active users. Weibo allows users to post short messages, photos, videos, and links, and to follow and interact with other users. It has become a popular platform for users to share news, express opinions, and connect with others with similar interests. Weibo also offers features such as live streaming, e-commerce, and advertising.
