Unit 5: Topic 4 - Industrialization Spreads in the Period from 1750 to 1900 Flashcards
American System
A national economic plan throughout the early 19th century made up of 3 parts. Pass high tariffs on imports to increase revenues, re-establish a bank of the United States, and to develop and support capital improvements, such as constructing roads and canals.
Slater Mill
The first American factory to successfully produce cotton with water powered machines.
Samuel Slater
Known as the “Father of the American Industrial Revolution”, he stole textile factory designs from the British and brought it into the United States. Introduced the first water powered cotton mill to the US, which revolutionized the textile industry.
Sergei Witte
The first prime minister of the Russian Empire. He placed the Russian ruble on a gold standard, which attracted foreign capital and investments, as well as led the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railroad. As a result, Russian industrialization was boosted.
Trans-Siberian Railroad
Sergei Witte believed that a long train line could help Russia expand trade with East Asia, harvest their natural resources, and help settle with Serbia. As a result, the Trans-Siberian Railroad was made. It runs from Moscow to Vladivostok.
Meiji Restoration
In 1868, under Emperor Meiji, a Japanese state-sponsored industrialization and westernization effort that also involved the elimination of the Shogunate and power being handed over to the Japanese Emperor, who had previously existed as mere spiritual/symbolic figure.
Company Rule
Company rule to the rule of the British East India Company on the Indian subcontinent. This is variously taken to have commenced in 1757, after the Battle of Plassey, when the Nawab of Bengal was defeated and replaced with another individual who had the support of the East India Company; or in 1765, when the Company was granted the diwani, or the right to collect revenue, in Bengal and Bihar; or in 1773, when the Company abolished local rule and established a capital in Calcutta and became directly involved in governance. The rule lasted until 1858, when, after the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British government assumed the task of directly administering India in the new British Raj.
John Cockerill
English industrialist who helped industrialize Belgium. Founded an ironworks company named John Cockerill & Cie. Intrumental in helping to spread the Industrial Revolution into Continental Europe.
Human Capital
the skills and knowledge gained by a worker through education and experience
