Unit 9 Quiz Flashcards

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1
Q

photosynthesis general equation

A

CO2 + H2O —–(sunlight)> O2 + glucose

carbon dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen

6CO2 + 6H2O + Light Energy —-> C6H12O6 + 6O2

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2
Q

Light-dependent reactions

A

starts with a process called photolysis.

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3
Q

Photolysis is when

A

energy from the sun breaks apart a water molecule in oxygen, electrons, and hydrogen ions.

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4
Q

Photolysis occurs in the

A

thylakoid disk of a chloroplast

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5
Q

In light-dependent reactions the oxygen is released so that

A

we have air to breath.

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6
Q

In light-dependent reactions the electrons are used in

A

an electron transport chain which are a part of a thylakoid disk of a chloroplast.

The electrons are used in the formation of an energy rich substance called NADPH.

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7
Q

In light-dependent reactions the hydrogen ions are used

A

in the formation of ATP

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8
Q

Light-independent reactions

A

take place in the stroma of a chloroplast.

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9
Q

The ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions are used to

A

drive the light-independent reactions.

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10
Q

In the light-independent reactions carbon dioxide is changed to

A

PGAL which is eventually changed to glucose

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11
Q

Products of photolysis in light-dependent reactions

A

NADPH

ATP

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12
Q

Chromatography

A

allows you to separate pigments from one another based on their chemical composition

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13
Q

Accessory Pigments

A
  1. chlorophyll a – blue-green
  2. chlorophyll b – yellow-green
  3. xanthophyll – yellow
  4. carotene – orange
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14
Q

Energy from the sun splits a water molecule into what three things?
(photolysis)

A

oxygen
e- (electrons)
H+ (hydrogen ions)

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15
Q

What are the two products of the light-dependent reactions?

A

NADPH

ATP

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16
Q

Where inside the chloroplast do the light independent reactions take place?

A

the stroma

17
Q

What is Rubisco and what does it do?

A

Rubisco is an enzyme (and protein) that is used to combine RuBP and CO2 and catalyze the first step of carbon fixation.

18
Q

Violet

A

380 - 450 nm

19
Q

Blue

A

450 - 500 nm

20
Q

Green

A

500 - 570 nm

21
Q

Yellow

A

570 - 590 nm

22
Q

Orange

A

590 - 620 nm

23
Q

Red

A

620 - 750 nm

24
Q

Which wavelength and color of the visible spectrum is absorbed the most by the spinach extract?

A

400

violet

25
Q

Which wavelength and color of the visible spectrum is absorbed the most by the carrot extract?

A

425

violet

26
Q

Which wavelength and color of the visible spectrum is transmitted the most by the spinach extract?

A

700

red

27
Q

Which wavelength and color of the visible spectrum is transmitted the most by the carrot extract?

A

575

yellow

28
Q

The chromatography paper will separate the pigments based upon their

A

relative polarity and solubility, so the more hydrophobic pigments will have less of an affinity for the chromatography paper and will therefore be more likely become soluble in, and move with, the solvent front. Conversely, the more hydrophilic molecules which have a higher affinity for the chromatography paper are more likely to bind to the paper and thereby slower their overall movement with the solvent front (meaning that they are less soluble).

29
Q

The relative polarities for the pigments from the least hydrophilic to the most hydrophilic are:

A
carotene (red-orange-yellow)
xanthophyll (yellow)
chlorophyll a (blue-green)
chlorophyll b (green-yellow)
30
Q

On your chromatography results, why did the pigment that was the closest to the top travel so much faster than the ones closer to the bottom?

A

The pigment at the top was less polar than the pigment at the bottom (it was more soluble in chromatography solvent)

31
Q

A plant is kept in a greenhouse where it is given light twenty-four hours a day. The leaf is boiled in ethanol, placed in water, and then placed in iodine.

Please hypothesize the results you would expect to see in this situation and please explain why.

A

Leaf will turn very black; always able to perform photosynthesis = lots of starch stored

32
Q

A plant is kept in a greenhouse that is illuminated for six hours a day and kept in complete darkness for eighteen hours a day. Ten hours into the darkness cycle of the greenhouse, the leaf is plucked, boiled in ethanol, placed in water, and then placed in iodine.

Please hypothesize the results you would expect to see in this situation and please explain why.

A

Less black, perhaps stray traces of black in the leaf. It is able to make starch, but must use some during dark periods.

33
Q

A plant is placed in a windowless room for a week with no sources of light anywhere. A leaf is plucked from this plant and boiled in ethanol, placed in water, and then placed in iodine.

Please hypothesize the results you would expect to see in this situation and please explain why.

A

Brown leaf; with no light, the leaf cannot perform photosynthesis and must use all starch reserves for energy source.