Unit 8 - Viruses Flashcards
Learn about viruses
How many virus cells are in a single drop of blood?
5 billion
What is a virus?
A microscopic particle made of a genetic material that is surrounded by a protein coat
Directions: True or false? If false, correct the statement.
Many viruses are only billionths of a meter in diameter.
True
Viruses are not considered to be either ________ nor ____________.
living, non-living
List five non-living traits of viruses.
- They do not grow
- They do not eat
- They do not respond to stimuli
- They do not require oxygen
- Viruses are definitely NOT made of cells
What is the one living trait of viruses?
They can reproduce
Viruses have many different ________. However, there are ______ common ones.
shapes, four
What shape virus is this?
Spherical
Influenza, HIV, and Covid are all examples of what?
Spherical viruses
What is the tobacco mosaic virus, and what shape is its virus particle?
Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a rod-shaped virus known for primarily affecting tobacco plants and other members of the plant family.
Directions: True or false? If false, correct the statement.
Polio is an example of a spherical virus.
False. Polio is an example of a crystal or soccer ball shaped virus.
Directions: Answer the statement with the best available answer.
“Space ship” viruses attack our…
A. Bad bacteria
B. Good bacteria
C. Bad germs
D. Good germs
B. Good bacteria
Viruses are ___________. They depend on another __________ to survive.
parasitic, organism
What is a host?
A living thing that a parasite lives on or in
What is viral reproduction?
The process by which viruses replicate and produce new virus particles. They need to be inside a cell to reproduce.
What is latent viral reproduction?
A latent virus is one that enters your body and then goes into hiding, integrating into your cells without causing immediate illness.
Explain the four steps of active viral reproduction.
- Attach - The virus finds and joins itself to a host cell
- Invade - The virus’s genetic material is injected into the cell
- Copy - Once the virus’s genes are inside, they take over the direction of the host cell and turn it into a virus factory
- Release - The new viruses break out of the host cell, which kills it
Directions: True or False? If false, correct the statement.
If a virus is latent, the virus is inactive and doesn’t produce new viruses, so you won’t feel sick or show symptoms. This hidden virus can stay asleep in your cells for a long time, sometimes even for years.
True
What are some causes for a latent virus to wake up?
- Stress
- Illness
- Sunlight
Directions: Answer the statement with the best available answer.
Cold sores are a result of…
A. Latent viral reproduction
B. Active viral reproduction
C. AIDS
D. HIV
A. Latent viral reproduction
The lytic cycle is another name for what?
Active viral reproduction
The lysogenic cycle is also referred to as __________________________.
latent viral reproduction
List four viral diseases.
- Influenza (flu)
- Measles
- Mumps
- Rubella
There are many more, these are just a few examples.
Directions: True or false? If false, correct the statement.
There are medications to cure viral diseases.
False. There are no medications to cure viral diseases.
How can you prevent some viral diseases?
By taking a vaccine
What is the definition of a vaccine?
A substance made from damaged or weakened viral particles that prevents a person from getting a viral disease
When you take a vaccine, the whole goal of it is to help your body make what?
Antibodies
AIDS stands for what?
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
AIDS destroys a person’s ________ system, specifically the _______ blood cells (T cells)
immune, white
AIDS is caused by what virus?
An RNA virus named HIV
Directions: True or false? If false, correct the statement.
HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus
True
