Final Exam - Quiz 1

Question 1

What is heredity?

Answer 1

When parents pass on their genes to their offspring

Question 2

What would streptococcus look like under a microscope?

The two parts of the name give you a clue

Answer 2

Streptococcus cells would appear round, and their bacterial colony would live in a chain

Question 3

Is chicken pox a bacteria or a virus?

Answer 3

virus

Question 4

What are the four main parts of Natural Selection?

Answer 4

1. Overproduction - Each species produces many offspring that can survive and reproduce
2. Inherited variation - There are differences among organisms of the same species
3. Survival of the fittest - Individual organisms with certain traits (or adaptions) have a better chance of surviving
4. Successful Reproduction - These organisms reproduce, passing on the favorable traits

Question 5

Who discovered the vaccine for small pox?

Answer 5

Edward Jenner

Question 6

How many chromosomes are in a human sex cell?

Answer 6

23

Question 7

What are the differences between a monocot and a dicot?

Answer 7

Question 8

Where are genes found?

Answer 8

In your chromosomes

Question 9

What are alleles?

Answer 9

Letter combinations that represent our genetics

Question 10

What are the four parts of the blood and what are the characteristics of each?

Answer 10

1. Plasma - fluid part (50%)
2. Red blood cells (RBCs) - carry oxygen
3. White blood cells (WBCs) - infection fighters
4. Platelets - help clot the blood

Question 11

After being provided the definition, name the term:

The first person to classify organisms as animals or plants 2,300 years ago.

Answer 11

Aristotle

Question 12

What is the difference between co-dominance and incomplete dominance?

Answer 12

• Co-dominance - When the two traits are both visible in the phenotype
• Incomplete dominance - When the traits blend or mix together to form a new trait

Neither trait dominates over the other in co-dominance and incomplete dominance

Question 13

What is polygenic inheritance?

Answer 13

When more than one gene influences a trait

Question 14

Provide examples of human traits that fall under polygenic inheritance.

Answer 14

• Eye color
• Hair color
• Skin color
• Height
• Weight

Question 15

What does it mean to be homozygous dominant?

Answer 15

You have two alleles that are the same, and they are both dominant

Ex.) HH, BB, PP, OO

Question 16

What does it mean to be homozygous recessive?

Answer 16

You have two alleles that are the same, and they are both recessive

Ex.) hh, bb, pp, oo

Question 17

What does heterozygous mean?

Answer 17

You have two alleles that are different for a particular trait

Ex.) Hh, Bb, Pp, Oo

Question 18

What are the male and female chromosomes?

Answer 18

• Y chromosome - male
• X chromosome - female

Question 19

What is a karyotype? What chromosome determines the sex of a baby? What does an extra chromosome on the 21st pair indicate?

Answer 19

1. A karyotype is a picture that allows scientists to study the chromosomes of an individual, sometimes even before birth
2. The chromosomes that determine the sex of the baby are the 23rd pair
3. An extra chromosome on the 21st pair indicates that the child has down syndrome

Question 20

Which blood type is the universal receiver?

Answer 20

AB

Question 21

Who is the Father of Genetics?

Answer 21

Gregor Mendel