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Science 7 - McQuaid > Unit 8 - Bacteria > Flashcards

Unit 8 - Bacteria Flashcards

Learn about bacteria

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Archaea and bacteria are very ________, _____________ organisms.

A

simple, microscopic

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2
Q

Monerans is an old kingdom name that refers to what?

A

Archaea and bacteria

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3
Q

Directions: True or False? If false, correct the statement.

Most bacteria are too small to be seen. They are prokaryotic cells, meaning they have no nucleus.

A

True

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4
Q

Directions: Answer the statement with the best available answer.

Bacteria and archaea are single celled, but sometimes stick together in strands or…

A. Bactillus
B. Spirillus
C. Film
D. Coccus

A

C. Film

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5
Q

Cyanobacteria are an example of an organism that can make their own _______. Both archaea and bacteria have this capability.

A

food

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6
Q

Directions: True or False? If false, correct the statement.

All bacteria and archaea do not contain cell walls.

A

False. Some bacteria and archaea contain cell walls.

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7
Q

Directions: Answer the statement with the best available answer.

The cell wall of archaea and bacteria is made out of…

A. Cellulose
B. Capsule
C. Spirilla
D. None of the above

A

D. None of the above

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8
Q

Directions: True or False? If false, correct the statement.

All bacteria and archaea need oxygen to live (aerobic).

A

False. Most bacteria and archaea need oxygen to live (aerobic), but some do not (anaerobic).

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9
Q

Directions: After being provided some locations, determine whether they are related to bacteria or archaea.

Usually found in soil, water, other organisms.

A

Bacteria

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10
Q

Archaea and bacteria usually reproduce asexually by the process of ________________.

A

binary fission

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11
Q

Directions: True or False? If false, correct the statement.

The bacteria we hear in the news is usually the good news.

A

False. The bacteria we hear in the news is usually the bad news.

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12
Q

How do bacteria obtain their energy?

A

By consuming other organisms, but usually through absorbing nutrients

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13
Q

Directions: Answer the statement with the best available answer.

Most bacteria are…

A. Destructive
B. Helpful
C. Eukaryotic
D. None of the above

A

B. Helpful

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14
Q

Single celled organisms come in three main shapes. List them.

A
  1. Round - Cocci
  2. Rodlike - Bacilli
  3. Spiral - Spirilla
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15
Q

This diagram is an example of what?

A

The typical structure of bacteria

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16
Q

There are three main colonies that bacterial cells live in. Please list all three.

Hint: DSS

A
  1. Diplo - two
  2. Strepto - chain
  3. Staphylo - cluster
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17
Q

What shape bacteria is this?

A

Bactilli (rodlike)

18
Q

What type of bacterial disease is this?

A

Streptococcus

Explanation:

Strepto, meaning chain, and coccus, meaning round, gives us an accurate description of this pathogenic disease.

19
Q

Cyanobacteria are bacteria that can make their own food. They contain _____________ to go through the process of ________________.

A

chlorophyll, photosynthesis

20
Q

Single cyanobacterial cells live in long ________ or _________ (blooms).

A

chains, strands

21
Q

Some cyanobacteria have additonal red pigment, which causes which animal to turn pink when they eat the cyanobacteria?

A

Flamingos

22
Q

In birth, flamingos are actually what color?

A

White

23
Q

Directions: True or False? If false, correct the statement.

Some scientists believe that cyanobacteria may have given rise to the first plants on earth.

A

True

24
Q

Archaea are closely related to bacteria, however, they are found in extreme conditions. List three conditions that they love, and then give geographical examples of them.

A
  1. Heat loving - volcano, hot geyser
  2. Salt loving - Dead Sea, Great Salt Lake, salt flats
  3. Methane making - cow intestines, swamps
25
Q

Previously, we went over the fact that most bacteria are helpful. What is the actual ratio of helpful (or at least not harmful) bacteria to pathogenic bacteria?

A

99:1

26
Q

Many bacteria ____________ dead material and _________ the nutrients into the environment.

A

break down, recycle

Extra information:

Bacteria start breaking down the complex compounds found in dead plants and animals. These compounds include proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, which are rich sources of energy and nutrients for bacteria. As bacteria break down these compounds, they convert them into simpler substances. This process releases nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium back into the soil, which are essential for the growth of plants.

27
Q

What is nitrogen fixation?

A

When bacteria take in nitrogen from the air and change it to a form that is useful for plants

28
Q

Directions: This question has a high possibility of being a bonus question.

Nitrogen gas makes up what percentage of our air?

A

78%

29
Q

Explain the difference between biomedical and bioremediation.

A
  • Biomedical - A practice that focuses on improving health and treating diseases through biology and medicine.
  • Bioremediation - A practice that is about using biology to clean up environmental pollution, such as oil spills and hazardous wastes.
30
Q

Biomedical and bioremediation involve _________ bacteria.

A

helpful

31
Q

Biotechnology is a _______ term that encompasses various applications. It helps make many everyday items, such as _________, _____________, and __________.

A

broad, insulin, antibiotics, vaccines

Added information:

Biotechnology is a broad field that encompasses various applications, including biomedical technologies and bioremediation, among others. It integrates biological sciences with engineering technologies to develop products and processes for a wide range of uses in healthcare, agriculture, industry, and environmental management.

32
Q

Some helpful bacteria help us digest ______ in our _________ (gut). Many make food products for us, such as ________, milk, _________, and _______.

A

food, stomach, cheese, pickles, bread

33
Q

Directions: True or False? If false, correct the statement.

Some helpful archaea break down the sugar lactose into lactic acid by the process of fermentation.

A

False. Some helpful bacteria break down the sugar lactose into lactic acid by the process of fermentation.

34
Q

Any bacteria that causes disease is known as what?

A

A pathogen

35
Q

Some pathogenic bacteria produce poisons called ________.

A

toxins

36
Q

Leprosy, gangrene, diptheria, whooping cough, and tetanus are all examples of what?

A

Bacterial diseases

37
Q

Directions: Answer the statement with the best available answer.

Botulism, in the form of food poisoning, is considered one of the most…

A. Infectious substance on earth
B. Bacterial substance on earth
C. Deadly substance on earth
D. All of the above

A

C. Deadly substance on earth

38
Q

While antibodies kill the bacteria inside of your body, vaccines _________ the disease.

A

prevent

39
Q

What are a few examples of antibiotics?

A

Amoxicillin, penicillin, and doxycycline

40
Q

Listerine is a popular mouth wash company. What is the scientific name for mouth wash?

A

Antiseptic

41
Q

In history, there have been instances where ________ spores have been weaponized for use in ____________________.

A

anthrax, biological warfare

Science 7 - McQuaid (20 decks)

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