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Science 7 - McQuaid > Unit 10 - Test > Flashcards

Unit 10 - Test Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How many major organ systems are in the human body?

A

11

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2
Q

Fill in the blanks:

In the skeletal system, we have an ______________ made of _____ living bones.

A

endoskeleton, 206

An endoskeleton just means that our bones are inside of our body (internal).

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3
Q

Why do our bones have many different shapes and sizes?

A

Because bones have so many different jobs

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4
Q

What are the five main functions of bones?

A
  1. Structure and support
  2. Protection
  3. Movement (working with muscles)
  4. Make blood
  5. Stores minerals (calcium + vitamin D) / stores fat (adult - yellow marrow)
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5
Q

What is the hard, yellowish part of the bone that reduces friction?

A

Cartilage

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6
Q

True or false? If false, correct the statement:

The periosteum is a very thin membrane that covers/protects the bone.

A

True

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7
Q

The _________ area of the bone is very rigid and dense. It is where the two types of bone ________ are found.

A

compact, marrow

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8
Q

What are the two types of bone marrow?

A
  1. Red marrow - blood
  2. Yellow marrow - fat
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9
Q

Why is the spongy area of the bone important?

A

It gives the bone extra strength by providing it with a bit of flexibility

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10
Q

What type of tissue is bone marrow?

A

soft

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11
Q

After being provided the definition, name the term:

A joint where one bone rotates in the cup of another.

(Ex. Shoulder & hip)

A

Ball and socket joint

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12
Q

After being provided the definition, name the term:

A joint that moves back and forth like a door.

(Ex. Knee & Elbow)

A

Hinge joint

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13
Q

After being provided the definition, name the term:

These joints move over one another.

(Ex. Ankle & Wrist & Vertebrae)

A

Gliding joint

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14
Q

After being provided the definition, name the term:

This joint rolls and rotates.

(Ex. Neck)

A

Pivot joint

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15
Q

After being provided the definition, name the term:

This joint does not move.

Ex.) Cranium or Skull

A

Fixed joint

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16
Q

Answer the question with the best available option:

What blood vessels connect arteries and veins (one cell-layer thick)?
A. Arteries
B. Veins
C. Plasma
D. Capillaries

A

D. Capillaries

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17
Q

Fill in the blanks:

__________ carry blood rich in ________ away from the heart (except for the pulmonary ________)

A

arteries, oxygen, artery

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18
Q

Provide the definition of the term:

Veins

A

Veins carry blood rich in carbon dioxide to the heart (except for the pulmonary vein which has oxygen)

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19
Q

After being provided the definition, name the term:

The constant flow of blood through the body.

A

Circulation

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20
Q

True or false? If false, correct the statement:

The heart is part of the respiratory system.

A

False. The heart is part of the circulatory system, a.k.a. the cardiovascular system

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21
Q

What type of muscle is the heart made out of?

A

cardiac

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22
Q

Possibility of being a bonus:

_______________________ refers to when your heart works with your lungs. On the contrary, when your heart works with the entire body, it is known as _____________________.

A

Pulmonary circulation, systemic circulation

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23
Q

Answer the statement with the best available option:

The two atria and two ventricles make up the heart’s…

A. aorta
B. septum
C. chambers
D. vena cava

A

C. chambers

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24
Q

What do veins contain to prevent backflow?

A

one-way valves

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25
Q

True or false? If false, correct the statement:

Arteries have thick, muscular walls.

A

True

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26
Q

Capillaries allow gas __________ and the exchange of nutrients between _______ and ________.

A

exchange, blood, tissue

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27
Q

Where do our bones meet at?

A

joints

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28
Q

Answer the statement with the best available option:

Bones are held together by tough connective tissues called…

A. cartilage
B. marrow
C. periosteums
D. ligaments

A

D. ligaments

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29
Q

Provide the definition of the term:

tendon

A

strong, flexible tissue that connects your muscles to your bones

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30
Q

What are the four main things that blood carries?

A
  1. Carries oxygen
  2. Carries nutrients
  3. Carries wastes
  4. Carries infection fighters
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31
Q

All of the following are part of which organ?

  • Plasma
  • Red blood cells (RBCs)
  • White blood cells (WBCs)
  • Platelets
A

blood

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32
Q

Provide the definition of the term:

plasma

A

The fluid part of your blood that makes up 50% of it

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33
Q

True or false? If false, correct the statement:

Red blood cells (RBCs) carry helium.

A

False. Red blood cells (RBCs) carry oxygen.

34
Q

What is the protein that helps RBCs carry oxygen (by attracting it)?

A

hemoglobin

35
Q

Fill in the blank:

The infection fighters in your blood are the ____________________ (_____).

A

white blood cells (WBCs)

36
Q

Answer the question with the best available option:

What helps clot the blood?

A. Plasma
B. Capillaries
C. Platelets
D. All of the above

A

C. Platelets

37
Q

Provide the blood type based off of the descriptions:

  • Universal donor
  • Universal receiver
A
  • Blood type O
  • Blood type AB
38
Q

What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

cranium

39
Q

What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

clavicle

40
Q

What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

temporal bone

41
Q

What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

femur

42
Q

What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

humerus

43
Q

What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

pelvis

44
Q

What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

scapula

45
Q

What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

fibula

46
Q

What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

radius

47
Q

What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

coccyx

48
Q

What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

maxilla

49
Q

What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

tibia

50
Q

What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

sternum

51
Q

What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

sacrum

52
Q

What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

metatarsals

53
Q

What bone of the humman skeleton has been removed?

A

ulna

54
Q

What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

vertebrae

55
Q

What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

mandible

56
Q

What bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

ribs

57
Q

Which bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

carpals

58
Q

Which bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

phalanges

59
Q

Which bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

patella

60
Q

Which bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

metacarpals

61
Q

Which bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

phalanges

62
Q

Which bone of the human skeleton has been removed?

A

tarsals

63
Q
  1. How does a ball and socket joint work?
  2. List some examples of one.
A
  1. One bone rotates in the cup of another
  2. Shoulder + hip
64
Q
  1. How does a hinge joint work?
  2. List some examples of one.
A
  1. Back and forth like a door
  2. Knee + elbow
65
Q
  1. How does a gliding joint work?
  2. List some examples of one.
A
  1. Move over one another
  2. Ankle, wrist, vertebrae
66
Q
  1. How does a pivot joint work?
  2. List an example of one.
A
  1. Roll + rotate
  2. Neck
67
Q
  1. How does a fixed joint work?
  2. List an example of one.
A
  1. Doesn’t move
  2. Skull (cranium)
68
Q

What part of the heart is this?

A

aorta

69
Q
  1. What part of the heart is this?
  2. Where does it carry blood to?
A
  1. pulmonary artery
  2. lungs
70
Q

What is the difference between a ventricle and an atrium?

A
  • Ventricle - The lower chambers that pump blood out of the heart
  • Atrium - The upper chambers that receive blood from the veins
71
Q
  1. What part of the heart is this?
  2. Where does it carry blood from?
A
  1. pulmonary veins
  2. lungs
72
Q

What part of the heart is this?

A

left atrium

73
Q

What part of the heart is this?

A

mitral valve (bicuspid)

74
Q

What part of the heart is this?

A

left ventricle

75
Q

What part of the heart is this?

A

septum

76
Q

What part of the heart is this?

A

right ventricle

77
Q

What part of the heart is this?

A

tricuspid valve

78
Q

What part of the heart is this?

A

right atrium

79
Q

What part of the heart is this?

A

superior vena cava

80
Q

What part of the heart is this?

A

inferior vena cava

81
Q

Complete the pathway of blood through the heart:

Vena cava —> _______ atrium —> _______ ventricle —> pulmonary ________ —> ________ —> pulmonary ______ —> left ______ —> left ___________ —> aorta —> ______

A

right, right, artery, lungs, vein, atrium, ventricle, body

Science 7 - McQuaid (20 decks)

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