Unit 5.1 Flashcards
Define Skill
Skill is the consistent production of
goal-oriented movements, which are
learned and specific to the task
Cognitive Skills
CAREFUL, THOUGHTFUL
APPROACH TO A TASK, LITLLE
MOVEMENT REQUIRED
Perceptual Skills
Senses provide inform information based upon the surroundings/environment
e.g. reading a gren in golf
Motor Skills
Movement with little thinking or perception required
e.g. running, weight lifting, swimming, jumping
Perceptual-motor Skills
Interpretation of environment followed by a movement response
e.g. boxing, movement triggered by the positioning of opponent
Gross and Fine skill
Gross:
large movements using large
muscles or involving whole muscle
groups
Example:
kicking a football
rugby tackle
Fine:
small and intricate movements using
small muscles often at the
extremities
Example:
hand movement in a cricket
bowl
Open - Closed skill
Open:
skill performed in an unstable
environment, where the
environment stimuli determine the
initiation of the movement
Example:
netball, football, hockey
Closed:
performed in a stationary
environment. Highly controlled by
the individual, who dictates the
initiation
Example:
free throw in basketball
indoors by yourself
Discrete - Serial -
Continuous
Discrete:
brief and defined actions that have a
definitive start and end to their
movement. Single, specific actions
Example:
penalty kick in football
Serial:
a sequence of discrete skills joined
together to create a greater
movement
Example:
triple jump
Continuous:
has no obvious beginning or end,
actions are repeated in a cyclical
form
Example
swimming, cycling
Externally paced -
Internally paced
Externally paced:
the environment (including
opponents) control the pace at
which the skill is executed, these
factors will affect the performance
and must be taken into account by
the performer.
Example:
in ball games, the performer
must time his actions with
the actions of other players
and the ball
Internally paced:
performer dictates the rate of speed
that the skills are performed, often
comprise of closed skills
Example:
javelin throw, discus throw
Individual -
Coactive -
Interactive
Individual:
skills performed in isolation
Example:
high jump
Coactive:
skills that may be performed in
unison with other competitors, but
do not involve direct confrontation
or contact
Example:
100 m swimming sprint
Interactive:
skills performed where others are
directly involved (game sports)
Example:
rugby or football
Define Ability
The capacity for an individual to perform a specific skill
Distinguish between Fleishman’s physical proficiency abilities and perceptual-motor
abilities
Fleishman’s Physical Proficiency Abilities:
- extent flexibility
- dynamic flexibility
- explosive strength
- static strength
- dynamic strength
- trunk strength
- gross body coordination
- gross body equilibrium
- stamina
Fleishman’s Perceptual Motor Abilities:
- reaction time
- response orientation
- speed of movement
- finger dexterity
- manual dexterity
- response integration
What is Physical Proficiency Abilities
refers to gross movements/use of large muscle groups
Perceptual Motor Abilities
Refers to a combination of how we make sense of our environment (perception) and how we act (motor control)
Define the term technique
a “way of doing” - the way in which a sport skill is performed
State the relationship between ability, skill and technique
skill = ability + selection of an appropriate technique
What should be discussed in the relationship between a skilled and novice performer
Consistency
Accuracy
Control
Learned
Efficiency
Goal oriented
Fluence
Talk about the ability of Consistency for a Skilled performer and a Novice performer
Skilled performer:
would be very consistent as they
are an expert (autonomous) in
their sport
Novice Performer:
would have many errors and not
yet be consistent as they are still in
the learning (cognitive or
associative) stage
Talk about the ability of Accuracy for a Skilled performer and a Novice performer
Skilled performer:
more likely to be accurate, for the
same reasons as above
Novice Performer:
less accurate in their performance
as they are less consistent and
skilled
Talk about the ability of Control for a Skilled performer and a Novice performer
Skilled performer:
will have more control in their
movements as they have stored
muscle memory from completing
the action so many times
Novice Performer:
will have less control, comes with
lack of consistency and accuracy,
as they have not had great time for
practice
Talk about the ability of Learned for a Skilled performer and a Novice performer
Skilled performer:
they will be knowledgeable on
their sport and technique
Novice Performer:
may need assistance in
understanding the correct
technique
Talk about the ability of efficiency for a Skilled performer and a Novice performer
Skilled performer:
will be able to achieve the
desired goal much quicker than a
novice player
Novice Performer:
will take a long time to reach the
desired goal
Talk about the ability of goal orientation for a Skilled performer and a Novice performer
Skilled performer:
will know exactly what they want
to produce and what steps are
needed to get there
Novice Performer:
may know what they want to
achieve but not the steps to get
there
Talk about the ability of fluency for a Skilled performer and a Novice performer
Skilled performer:
difficult skills will look effortless
and smooth
Novice Performer:
will look erratic and uncontrolled
