Unit 5.1

Question 1

Define Skill

Answer 1

Skill is the consistent production of
goal-oriented movements, which are
learned and specific to the task

Question 2

Cognitive Skills

Answer 2

CAREFUL, THOUGHTFUL
APPROACH TO A TASK, LITLLE
MOVEMENT REQUIRED

Question 3

Perceptual Skills

Answer 3

Senses provide inform information based upon the surroundings/environment

e.g. reading a gren in golf

Question 4

Motor Skills

Answer 4

Movement with little thinking or perception required

e.g. running, weight lifting, swimming, jumping

Question 5

Perceptual-motor Skills

Answer 5

Interpretation of environment followed by a movement response

e.g. boxing, movement triggered by the positioning of opponent

Question 6

Gross and Fine skill

Answer 6

Gross:
large movements using large
muscles or involving whole muscle
groups
Example:
kicking a football
rugby tackle

Fine:
small and intricate movements using
small muscles often at the
extremities
Example:
hand movement in a cricket
bowl

Question 7

Open - Closed skill

Answer 7

Open:
skill performed in an unstable
environment, where the
environment stimuli determine the
initiation of the movement
Example:
netball, football, hockey

Closed:
performed in a stationary
environment. Highly controlled by
the individual, who dictates the
initiation
Example:
free throw in basketball
indoors by yourself

Question 8

Discrete - Serial -
Continuous

Answer 8

Discrete:
brief and defined actions that have a
definitive start and end to their
movement. Single, specific actions

Example:
penalty kick in football

Serial:
a sequence of discrete skills joined
together to create a greater
movement

Example:
triple jump

Continuous:
has no obvious beginning or end,
actions are repeated in a cyclical
form

Example
swimming, cycling

Question 9

Externally paced -
Internally paced

Answer 9

Externally paced:
the environment (including
opponents) control the pace at
which the skill is executed, these
factors will affect the performance
and must be taken into account by
the performer.

Example:
in ball games, the performer
must time his actions with
the actions of other players
and the ball

Internally paced:
performer dictates the rate of speed
that the skills are performed, often
comprise of closed skills

Example:
javelin throw, discus throw

Question 10

Individual -
Coactive -
Interactive

Answer 10

Individual:
skills performed in isolation

Example:
high jump

Coactive:
skills that may be performed in
unison with other competitors, but
do not involve direct confrontation
or contact

Example:
100 m swimming sprint

Interactive:
skills performed where others are
directly involved (game sports)

Example:
rugby or football

Question 11

Define Ability

Answer 11

The capacity for an individual to perform a specific skill

Question 12

Distinguish between Fleishman’s physical proficiency abilities and perceptual-motor
abilities

Answer 12

Fleishman’s Physical Proficiency Abilities:
- extent flexibility
- dynamic flexibility
- explosive strength
- static strength
- dynamic strength
- trunk strength
- gross body coordination
- gross body equilibrium
- stamina

Fleishman’s Perceptual Motor Abilities:
- reaction time
- response orientation
- speed of movement
- finger dexterity
- manual dexterity
- response integration

Question 13

What is Physical Proficiency Abilities

Answer 13

refers to gross movements/use of large muscle groups

Question 14

Perceptual Motor Abilities

Answer 14

Refers to a combination of how we make sense of our environment (perception) and how we act (motor control)

Question 15

Define the term technique

Answer 15

a “way of doing” - the way in which a sport skill is performed

Question 16

State the relationship between ability, skill and technique

Answer 16

skill = ability + selection of an appropriate technique

Question 17

What should be discussed in the relationship between a skilled and novice performer

Answer 17

Consistency
Accuracy
Control
Learned
Efficiency
Goal oriented
Fluence

Question 18

Talk about the ability of Consistency for a Skilled performer and a Novice performer

Answer 18

Skilled performer:
would be very consistent as they
are an expert (autonomous) in
their sport

Novice Performer:
would have many errors and not
yet be consistent as they are still in
the learning (cognitive or
associative) stage

Question 19

Talk about the ability of Accuracy for a Skilled performer and a Novice performer

Answer 19

Skilled performer:
more likely to be accurate, for the
same reasons as above

Novice Performer:
less accurate in their performance
as they are less consistent and
skilled

Question 20

Talk about the ability of Control for a Skilled performer and a Novice performer

Answer 20

Skilled performer:
will have more control in their
movements as they have stored
muscle memory from completing
the action so many times

Novice Performer:
will have less control, comes with
lack of consistency and accuracy,
as they have not had great time for
practice

Question 21

Talk about the ability of Learned for a Skilled performer and a Novice performer

Answer 21

Skilled performer:
they will be knowledgeable on
their sport and technique

Novice Performer:
may need assistance in
understanding the correct
technique

Question 22

Talk about the ability of efficiency for a Skilled performer and a Novice performer

Answer 22

Skilled performer:
will be able to achieve the
desired goal much quicker than a
novice player

Novice Performer:
will take a long time to reach the
desired goal

Question 23

Talk about the ability of goal orientation for a Skilled performer and a Novice performer

Answer 23

Skilled performer:
will know exactly what they want
to produce and what steps are
needed to get there

Novice Performer:
may know what they want to
achieve but not the steps to get
there

Question 24

Talk about the ability of fluency for a Skilled performer and a Novice performer

Answer 24

Skilled performer:
difficult skills will look effortless
and smooth

Novice Performer:
will look erratic and uncontrolled