Unit 5 : Cognition Module 31-33

Question 1

Amygdala

Answer 1

Enables fear and aggression

Question 2

Anterograde amnesia

Answer 2

Inability to form new memories

Question 3

Retrograde amnesia

Answer 3

Inability to retrieve old memories

Question 4

Automatic processing

Answer 4

Info goes into long term memory without conscious processing

Question 5

Basal ganglia

Answer 5

Procedural, muscle memory and motor movement

Question 6

Cerebellum

Answer 6

Used for memory associated with classical conditioning

Question 7

Chunking

Answer 7

Organizing info into manageable meaningful units

Question 8

Context-dependent memory

Answer 8

Memory associated with the environment that surrounds you

Question 9

Deep processing

Answer 9

Encoding based on meaning of the words (how words work together to create meaning)

Question 10

Distributed practice

Answer 10

Practice that takes place over a period of time

Question 11

Echoic memory

Answer 11

Memory associated with sounds and words

Question 12

Iconic memory

Answer 12

Memory associated with eye sight

Question 13

Flashbulb memory

Answer 13

Clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event (because amygdala is very active)

Question 14

Frontal lobes

Answer 14

Responsible for explicit memory

Question 15

Effortful processing

Answer 15

Encoding that requires attention and consciousness

Question 16

Encoding

Answer 16

Processing info into memory (getting memory into brain)

Question 17

Encoding failure

Answer 17

When you are not consciously paying attention resulting in nothing being encoded

Question 18

Explicit memory

Answer 18

Declarative memory involves facts and experiences. Can consciously know and declare

Question 19

Implicit memory

Answer 19

Non declarative memory. Without conscious recall (automatic memory)

Question 20

Hierarchies

Answer 20

Broad concept gets divided into narrow info (social class like structure)

Question 21

Hippocampus

Answer 21

The “save” button for processing memory into storage. If damaged can’t form new memories (anterograde amnesia) responsible for explicit memories

Question 22

Long-term memory

Answer 22

Permanent memory; has no limit. Incl knowledge, skills, and experiences

Question 23

Long term potentiation

Answer 23

Increase in cell firing. The more it is fired the more automatic it becomes as it strengthens connections

Question 24

Misinformation effect

Answer 24

Misleading info being encoded into memory of an event

Question 25

Mnemonics

Answer 25

Memory aids. Use vivid images and organizational devices like first letters of a sentence

Question 26

Mood congruent memory

Answer 26

Recall experiences that are consistent with current mood (good or bad)

Question 27

Parallel processing

Answer 27

Processing many aspects of a problem at once (ex sight, smell, and taste)

Question 28

Priming

Answer 28

Unconscious activation of associations with memory (ex morning in happy mood mourning in bad mood)

Question 29

Proactive interference

Answer 29

Older info interferes with new

Question 30

Recall

Answer 30

Memory where a person must retrieve info learned earlier (fill in the blank test)

Question 31

Recognition

Answer 31

Identifying items previously learned (MCQ test)

Question 32

Relearning

Answer 32

Learning something faster than the first time (revisions for exams)

Question 33

Retrieval

Answer 33

Process of getting info out of memory (get info out)

Question 34

Retrieval cues

Answer 34

Priming, mood congruent, context memory, and serial position

Question 35

Retroactive interference

Answer 35

New info interferes with old

Question 36

Sensory memory

Answer 36

Immediate brief recording of sensory info in memory

Question 37

Serial position effect

Answer 37

You can recall first (primacy effect) and last (recent effect) items on list (leaderboards)

Question 38

Shallow processing

Answer 38

Encoding on basic level based on structure and appearance of words

Question 39

Short term memory

Answer 39

Activated memory. Holds few things briefly (ex phone number youre dialing)

Question 40

Source amnesia

Answer 40

Inability to recall when how and where we learned knowledge (walking)

Question 41

Storage

Answer 41

Keep and retain the info

Question 42

Testing effect

Answer 42

Enhancing memory after retrieving

Question 43

Working memory

Answer 43

Short term mem. Focuses on conscious, active processing of auditory and visual info + long term memory

Question 44

Semantic memory

Answer 44

Explicit Long term; recall words, numbers, and concepts

Question 45

Episodic

Answer 45

Memory of everyday events

Question 46

Procedural

Answer 46

Long term; how to perform actions and skills

Question 47

Prospective mem

Answer 47

Parietal Memory for Intentions; allows to carry out planned tasks