Unit 4 Part 2 - Accessioning Flashcards
what happens before testing (specimen collection)
now called preexamination phase
pre-analytical phase
what happens during testing
now called examination phase
analytical phase
what happens after testing (results given)
now called postexamination phase
post-analytical
form used to order lab tests
requisiton
forms that serve as lab requests and report forms
multiple-part requisition
LIS
laboratory information system
technology that makes sure the correct treatment is administered to the right patient, ultimately reducing errors and ensuring patient safety
barcode
one of the most common means of transportation from getting specimens from one end of the hospital to the laboratory
pneumatic tube system
It is important to gently mix anticoagulant tubes immediately by gentle inversion __ times
8
coagulation tubes are mixed ___ times
3-4
used to diagnose meningitis infections and other brain disorders
always delivered stat
CSF
List the 3-4 tubes collected for CSF and their handling
- Chemistry/Immunology - on ice
- Microbiology - no ice
- Hematology - on ice
- Cytology or other - on ice
If one specimen is needed by 3 departments (ex. urine or CSF), it must be processed in what order?
- Microbiology - to prevent contamination
- Hematology - for cellular analysis
- Chemistry
Do not put on ice!
because of variability and stability of analytes, most labs use the ___ as max time limit for separating specimens as a general rule
two-hour limit
specimens should be centrifuged and separated within ___ from time of collection
2 hours
if blood is drawn in SST/PST it is stable for ___ after centrifugation
24 hours
if stored at degrees, SST/PST tube is stable for ___
48 hours
once serum has been removed from RBC, sample will be stable at RT for ___ and up to ___ at 2-4 degrees
RT: 8 hours
2-4 degrees: 48 hours
after 48 hours, serum specimens should be frozen at ___ in an aliquot tube
-20 degrees
serum specimens should be ___ before centrifugation
completely clotted
blood smears must be prepared within __ of collection
1 hour
EDTA for CBC should be tested within ___
6 hours
EDTA for CBC is stable for ___ at RT
24 hours
RNA specimens must be transported and processed ___
ASAP
RNA specimens can be stored at ___ for 48 hours
4 degrees
If not being processed within 48 hours, RNA specimens must be in aliquot tube and frozen at ___
-80 degrees
urine specimens need to be protected from __ and can be tested within __ at RT
if not possible it should be refrigerated
light, 2 hours
cytology specimens should be examined ASAP, if not possible use ___ to preserve the cells
ethanol
a portion of specimen used for testing
prepared by transferring a portion of specimen into one or more tubes labeled with same ID info as specimen tube
aliquot
serum/plasma aliquot can remain at RT no longer than __
8 hours
serum/plasma aliquots that cannot be completed within 8 hours must be refrigerated at __
2-8 degrees C
serum/plasma aliquots not completed within 48 hours should be frozen below ___
-20 degrees C
serum/plasma should not be frozen and thawed more than ___
once
little finger estimates about ___ for the aliquot tubes
0.5 ml
index finger estimates about ___ for the aliquot tubes
1.0 ml
middle and index finger estimates about ___ for the aliquot tubes
2.0 ml
sodium fluoride tubes for glucose and EDTA tubes keep blood stable for up to ___ at RT
24 hours
body temperature
36.4 - 37.6 C (avg 37 C)
room temperature
20 - 30 C (avg 25 C)
refrigerator temperature
2 - 10 C
frozen temperature
-20 C (some require -70 C or lower)
term used to describe analytes altered or destroyed by heat
thermolabile
why do we chill down specimens?
to slow down metabolic processes
specimens that have to be chilled should be ___ in a slurry of crushed ice (slurpee)
completely immersed
Handling for:
ABG
Ammonia
Lactic acid
chilled
Handling for:
Most coagulation tests
Potassium
must not be chilled
Handling for:
cold agglutinins
cryofibrinogen
semen analysis
body temp (37 C)
Handling for:
bilirubin
vit B12
carotene
urine specimens for poryphyrins
protect from light
decrease of ___ of bilirubin is lost after ___ of light exposure
50%, 1 hour
articles or substances which are capable of posing a significant risk to health, safety, property or the environment when transported by air or surface
dangerous goods
3 reasons why lab personnel must be aware of TDG regulations
- transport of chemicals needed for lab
- transport of specimens from one site to another
- disposal of hazardous waste (chemical and biological)
consists of a primary receptacle, secondary packaging, rigid outer packaging
triple packaging system
blood collection tubes, urine containers or pour off tubes with leak-proof lids
primary package
durable, watertight, leak-proof receptacle to enclose and protect the primary receptacles
secondary package
durable rigid container, like a cooler
outer package
serum specimens should be separated from whole blood before being ____
refrigerated
anticoagulated venous specimens should be stored at 2-8 degrees if they will not be tested within ___
4 hours
serum/plasma aliquots can remain at RT for no longer than ___
8 hours
EDTA tubes are stored at RT for ___ and then discarded, frozen specimens are unacceptable
24 hours
sodium fluoride/potassium oxalate tubes are stored at RT for ___
24 hours
form that follows specimen from collection through to final report
has signature of everyone who has come into contact with this specimen
chain of custody forms
chain of custody forms used for:
blood alcohol testing
urine drug testing
paternity testing
drug testing of athletes
significantly abnormal test results, usually indicate life-threatening situations and action must be taken immediately
critical (panic) levels
when phoning critical panic levels make sure that the other person ___
writes results down
reads it back to you
